Simulations of forced ignition in a non-premixed laminar counterflow are used to study the effect of the strain rate on ignition success. A one dimensional calculation is performed, using detailed methane chemical kinetics, and treating the ignition event as an instantaneous heat release. Ignition success is seen to depend on the mixture composition and spark location, resulting in lean and ric...

BACKGROUND: Decisions of the Council Eurasian Economic Commission No. 127 October 29, 2021. and 89 dated 04/15/2022. amendments have been made to Technical Regulations Customs Union On safety agricultural forestry tractors trailers for them (TR CU 031/2012).
 AIMS: Analysis modern requirements environmental indicators in Union.
 METHOD: Analytical.
 RESULTS: By decision (October ...

Conventional gasoline engines suffer from low performance and NOx emissions. Controlled auto-ignition (CAI), sometimes referred to as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), is a promising concept solve such problems. CAI has the potential improve spark (SI) engine fuel economy while at same time solving trade-off of NOx-soot emissions found in (CI) engines. The can reach comparable tha...

The Research Octane Number (RON) and the Motor (MON) are primary fuel properties that characterize gasoline’s knock resistance in spark ignition engines. utility of these two metrics, however, has been questioned with advancements engine technologies significantly change thermochemical environment inside cylinder. Index, OI = (1-K)·RON + K·MON, therefore proposed to modern engines where K weigh...

• Novel pre-chamber test rig with dual schlieren setups. Nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge and inductive ignition systems. Spark on the turbulent jet main chamber. Flame front propagation in affects probability Ignition of very lean conditions is possible by combining NRPD TJI. The optimization combustion process spark engines has led to novel strategies ignite low reactivity mixtures, s...

This paper reports on the development of novel time resolved spectroscopic imaging techniques for the study of spark ignition phenomena in combustion cells and an SIengine. The techniques are based on planar laser induced fluorescence imaging (PLIF) of OH radicals, on fuel tracer PLIF, and on chemiluminescence. The techniques could be achieved at repetition rates reaching several hundreds of ki...

Ethanol Internal Combustion Engines HIGHLIGHTS PROCESS AND TECHNOLOGY STATUS – The use of biofuels (e.g. bio-ethanol and biodiesel) in the transport sector can save significant amounts of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Internal combustion engines (ICEs) can run on bio-ethanol manufactured from biomass or waste through biochemical processes. Agricultural feedstock such as sugar...

Avoiding knock is the major design constraint for spark ignition engines because of the unacceptable noise and engine damage associated with it. Hence, the Research and Motor Octane Number (RON and MON) tests were established in 1928 such that a fuel with a higher RON and MON is less likely to knock than a fuel with a lower value. However, engine and fuel technology has evolved since 1928, and ...

This paper describes the use of a neural network in a technique suitable for diagnostic or condition monitoring applications in a spark-ignition engine. The method involves the use of voltage and current variations at the spark plug under normal running conditions, together with neural network analysis. Waveforms produced under test using this technique contain information relating to the adjus...