Cryogen Spray Cooling (CSC) is an auxiliary procedure that pre-cools the epidermis during Laser Dermatologic Surgery (LDS) to avoid non-specific epidermal thermal damage. During CSC, explosive atomization, inflight evaporation and droplet-substrate interaction affect heat extraction from the substrate. In order to understand the heat transfer mechanism of this complex process, we first study th...

A new ICP-MS method for the determination of iodine in food samples is presented. The method makes use of a new miniature cyclonic spray chamber and a concentric glass nebulizer that is designed for low sample uptakes and is operated in a self-aspirating mode. As a consequence the wash-out was accelerated over conventional systems. This configuration allows the direct determination of iodine in...

An aerosol generation, calibration, and research facility has been developed with the major purpose of evaluating aerosol instrumentation, including quality assurance testing, intercomparison, performance evaluation, and calibration of aerosol sizing, bulk, and speciated mass-measuring instruments. The aerosol facility also provides excellent opportunities for basic aerosol research. Polydisper...

Our work is being conducted with the aim to develop an effervescent atomizer for industrial burners that will generate a fine and stable spray in large turn-down ratio. The single-hole, plain orifice atomizer is powered with light heating oil and uses air as an atomizing medium in the “outside-in” gas injection configuration. Published design concepts of the effervescent atomizer are described....

This Review provides a general understanding of paper spray-MS, including the methodology and theory associated with a number of different related applications. This method has become a direct sampling/ionization method for mass spectrometric analysis at ambient conditions and, as a result, it has greatly simplified and increased the speed of mass-spectrum analysis. It has now become an increas...

The objective of this study is taken to realize pesticide precision spray of fruit trees and the other crops and reduce the deposition losses outside the canopy when the real time sensing technology was used in the pesticide target spray. In this paper the Pesticide solution deposition distribution experiments were conducted with two different volume median diameter (VMD) hollow cone nozzles fi...

The drying machine works with the Spray Dryer method to dry particles from a liquid state through continuous spraying in chamber. This uses an atomizer form of 0.2mm mist nozzle type injector capacity 0.00045 kg/s. Function for atomization during process occurs change vortex angle 35°. In this study, used was pure cow’s milk specific heat value 3930 J/kg K. To increase total amount solids, volu...