The aVR is often neglected lead. It is an unipolar lead facing the right superior surface. As all the depolarisations are going away from lead aVR, all waves are negative in aVR (P, QRS, T) in normal sinus rhythm. In dextrocardia, (True and technical) the p is upright in aVR. The lead aVR is a very important lead in localisation of Coronary Artery Disease. In the presence of anterior ST elevati...

Acute cardiac rejection, syndrome X, and arterial hypertension can induce small vessel damage and, therefore, restriction of coronary reserve in the presence of normal epicardial coronary arteries. A characteristic response pattern to dipyridamole (DIP) infusion has been previously described in syndrome X and arterial hypertension: ST segment depression without any measurable systolic dysfuncti...

The reported prevalence of silent cardiac ischemia as assessed by ambulatory electrocardiographic recording varies widely. The influence of the stringency of the analysis criteria has never been reported. We performed 24-hour, 12-lead ambulatory electrocardiographic recording in patients with hypertension but without proven coronary artery disease. The recordings were analyzed according to stri...

Thirty-two consecutive patients who initially had horizontal or downward-sloping ST segment depression confined to the precordial leads were studied. Patients were divided into two groups: group A included 21 patients with horizontal or downward-sloping ST depression with peaked positive T waves, and group B comprised 11 patients with peaked negative T waves and downward or horizontal ST depres...

UNLABELLED Evaluation of possible cardiac complications is essential for safe and effective respiratory rehabilitation of patients with chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). The aim of this study is to clarify the pathophysiology of electrocardiographic (ECG) changes during exercise and the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in CRD patients without a history of myocardial ischemia. ME...

Ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring of patients with chronic stable angina has demonstrated frequent and prolonged episodes of ischemic ST segment depression, but its clinical use requires an understanding of the components and extent of variability. Therefore, variations in the frequency and duration of episodes of ST segment depression were evaluated with ambulatory ECG recording...

BACKGROUND A retrospective study was designed to investigate P-wave duration changes in exercise stress test (EST) for the prediction of angiographically documented substantial coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS We analyzed 265 cases of patients, who underwent EST and subsequently coronary angiography. Analysis of P-wave duration was performed in leads II, V5 at rest, and in the recovery ...