to simulate a new economical architecture for pem fuel cell and investigate the effectiveness of the introduced structure on the performance, computational fluid dynamics (cfd) code is used to solve the equations for a single domain of the cell namely: the flow field, the mass conservation, the energy conservation, the species transport, and the electric/ionic fields under the assumptions of st...

in this paper, for the purpose of investigating horizontal sound propagation, based on the results obtained from practical measurements in the strait of hormoz and available data on sound speed variations at different depths, a comprehensive model for shallow water multipath underwater acoustic channel is presented. mathematical modeling of multipath effect is based on ray theory and the image ...

Adapting transmission parameters to the future channel state is an appealing approach to improve efficiency in wireless communication. Adaptation requires predicting the channel state. Current channel-adaptive techniques assume that the prediction is perfect. In this paper, we claim that neglecting the prediction error can lead to poor performance results, possibly even worse than without predi...

Unlike wired networks, packets transmitted on wireless channels are often subject to burst errors which cause back to back packet losses. Most wireless LAN link layer protocols recover from packet losses by retransmitting lost segments. When the wireless channel is in a burst error state, most retransmission attempts fail, thereby causing poor utilization of the wireless channel. Furthermore, i...

This paper addresses the security issue of networked switched systems under two-channel asynchronous denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, where measurement channel and control are subject to DoS attacks independently. For case partial-state measurements, an observer-based active strategy is proposed mitigate negative impact on performance stability system caused by attacks. In this strategy, a nove...

The mechanism of import-competent precursor protein-induced inactivation of a 50-pS anion channel of the chloroplast envelope is investigated using single-channel recordings. The inactivation by precursor protein is the result of the induction of a long-lived closed state of the channel. The mean duration of this state does not depend on precursor concentration. From this it can be concluded th...

We investigate the wiretap channel in the presence of action-dependent states and noiseless feedback. Given the message to be communicated, the transmitter chooses an action sequence that affects the formation of the channel states and then generates the channel input sequence based on the state sequence, the message, and the noiseless feedback, where the noiseless feedback is from the output o...

We have investigated the mechanisms of blockade of calcium channel current by the dihydropyridines, e.g. nisoldipine, nitrendipine, and nicardipine. Membrane current was recorded in isolated calf Purkinje fibers using a two-microelectrode voltage-clamp technique, and voltage protocols were designed to identify voltage- and use-dependent block by these compounds systematically. Our results show ...

The antiarrhythmic drug quinidine has been shown to block several types of K+ channel currents in cardiac preparations including the transient outward current (Ito). To characterize the molecular mechanism of quinidine block, a cloned Ito-type cardiac K+ channel (RHK1) was expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and drug effects were examined on whole-cell and single-channel currents. Extracellular appli...

These experiments examined the effects of pre-test intra dorsal hippocampus (intra-CA1) administration of GABAA receptor agonist and antagonist, muscimol and bicuculline respectively, on state-dependent learning induced by lithium. Male NMRI mice were trained in a one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance task, and immediately after training they received IP injections of either saline (10 mL/kg...