Rayleigh-Brillouin (RB) scattering profiles for air have been recorded for the temperature range from 255 to 340 K and the pressure range from 640 to 3300 mbar, covering the conditions relevant for the Earth's atmosphere and for planned atmospheric light detection and ranging (LIDAR) missions. The measurements performed at a wavelength of λ=366.8 nm detect spontaneous RB scattering at a 90° sca...

One of the most crucial problems in geo-engineering is the instability of unsaturated slopes, causing severe loss of life and property worldwide. In this study, five novel meta-heuristic methods are employed to optimize locating the Critical Failure Surface (CFS) and corresponding Factor of Safety (FOS). A Finite Element Method (FEM) code is incorporated to convert the strong form of the Richar...

Bridges, as an essential part of transportation system, play a special role in economy, politic and military all around the world. Serviceability of bridges is of high importance especially in emergencies, helping injured people and proportioning transportation after earthquakes. Earthquake regulation codes, normally suggest linear methods to conduct the analysis, and nonlinear analysis is bare...

it has been pointed out the static lateral response procedure for a base-isolated structure proposed in international building code (ibc) somewhat overestimates the seismic story force. that is why in the current paper, vertical distribution of base shear over the height of isolated structures considering higher mode effects under near field earthquakes is investigated. nonlinear behavior of is...

Tsunami observations play an important role in resolving offshore earthquake slip distributions. Non-dispersive models are often used with an initial static sea-surface pulse derived from seafloor deformation in computation of tsunami Green's functions. We compare this conventional approach with more advanced techniques, which use Green's functions computed by a dispersive model with an initial...

some physical properties such as geometrical, gravimetrical, frictional and aerodynamic features of seeds of desi chickpea and its splits were studied at a moisture content of 8.2 and 9.0% w., respectively from north-western of iran. geometrical and gravimetrical properties including the average length, width, thickness, the geometric mean of diameter, sphericity, 1000-seed weight, unit weight,...

In some cases, the variations in the subsurface rock property with time can be observed during fluid flow process because of changes in stress, pore pressure, temperature, degree of consolidation, and fluid content. Detecting these changes via their influence on the in situ elastic properties serves as the basis for timelapse monitoring. Acquisition and processing of high-fidelity time-lapse se...

cylindrical steel tanks are important components of many industrial plants such as oil refineries and chemical plants. usually failure of cylindrical tanks leads to serious consequences. during the past earthquakes such as 1964 alaska and 1999 turkey seismic performance of cylindrical tanks revealed that tanks are seismically vulnerable. therefore, evaluation of seismic performance of these str...

The influence of surface roughness magnitude and direction on dry static friction coefficient between two similar steel samples has been studied through an experiment. A testing apparatus has been designed and fabricated to measure the friction coefficient for a few forms of surface asperity. According to the results of the experiments, dry friction coefficient is affected by both magnitude and...