Micro magnetic resonance imaging (µMRI) is an in vivo imaging method that permits 3D quantification of cortical and trabecular bone microstructure. µMR images can also be used for building microstructural finite element (µFE) models to assess bone stiffness, which highly correlates with bone's resistance to fractures. In order for µMRI-based microstructural and µFE analyses to become standard c...

Two rectangular wings of aspect ratio 4 were flutter tested in a supersonic wind tunnel at Mach numbers 1·6 and 2·0 using a technique in which a structural stiffness was varied to give flutter at the Mach number. The results are in reasonable agreement with calculations using theoretical three-dimensional derivatives and arbitrary wing modes, though in general the calculated critical stiffnesse...

In this work, an aeroelastic prediction framework is formulated by blending control-oriented techniques that consist of linear fractional transformation representation, identification of nonlinear operators, and stability boundary prediction for both flutter and limit-cycle-oscillation phenomena. The final product is an efficient tool devised to identify, characterize, and predict flutter/limit...

This paper presents a distributed parameter optimal control method. The state-space equation of wing bending-torsion aeroelasticity is formulated using aeroelastic differential operators. The optimal control problem is formulated as linear quadratic regulator in a Hilbert inner product space. The solution to the optimal control problem leads to a differential operator Ricatti equation. Using a ...

With respect to cyclic movements such as human gait, running or hopping, leg stiffness is a little variable parameter. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in leg stiffness during the phase of countermovement and take-off when performing a single maximum counter-movement jump. Kistler force plates and a BTS SMART system for comprehensive motion analysis were employed in the study. T...

High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) is a newly developed in vivo clinical imaging modality. It can assess the 3D microstructure of cortical and trabecular bone at the distal radius and tibia and is suitable as an input for microstructural finite element (microFE) analysis to evaluate bone's mechanical competence. In order for microstructural and image-based mic...

A new method is presented for identifying the local stiffness of a structure from vibration test data. The method is based on a projection of the experimentally measured flexibility matrix onto the strain energy distribution in local elements or regional superelements. Using both a presumed connectivity and a presumed strain energy distribution pattern, the method forms a well-determined linear...

To the Editor: We have read the recent letter by Hermeling et al. entitled “Potentials and Pitfalls of Local PWV Measurements,”1 discussing the advantages and challenges for local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements. The letter was in reference to an article by Vappou et al. regarding pulse wave imaging measurement of arterial stiffness in vivo.2 In the common carotid artery, due to the susc...

The aim of our study was to investigate the association between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and pulse wave analysis (PWA)-derived measurements for the evaluation of arterial stiffness. A total of 20 (7 male and 13 female) healthy, non-smoking individuals, with mean age 31 ± 12years were included. PWV and PWA measurements were performed using a SphygmoCor apparatus (Atcor Medical Blood Pressure An...

This paper presents a process for the estimation of tire-road forces, vehicle sideslip angle and wheel cornering stiffness. The method uses measurements (yaw rate, longitudinal/lateral accelerations, steering angle and angular wheel velocities) only from sensors which can be integrated or have already been integrated in modern cars. The estimation process is based on two blocks in series: the f...