for vectors x, y ∈ rn, it is said that x is left matrix majorizedby y if for some row stochastic matrix r; x = ry. the relationx ∼` y, is defined as follows: x ∼` y if and only if x is leftmatrix majorized by y and y is left matrix majorized by x. alinear operator t : rp → rn is said to be a linear preserver ofa given relation ≺ if x ≺ y on rp implies that t x ≺ ty onrn. the linear preservers o...

in any supply chain, distribution planning of products is of great importance to managers. with effective and flexible distribution planning, mangers can increase the efficiency of time, place, and delivery utility of whole supply chain. in this paper, inventory routing problem (irp) is applied to distribution planning of perishable products in a supply chain. the studied supply chain is compos...

this paper presents an approach for solving a nonlinear stochastic differential equations (nsdes) using a new basis functions (nbfs). these functions and their operational matrices areused for representing matrix form of the nbfs. with using this method in combination with the collocation method, the nsdes are reduced a stochastic nonlinear system of equations and unknowns. then, the error anal...