If the absolute number of poor people goes up, but the fraction of people in poverty comes down, has poverty gone up or gone down? The economist’s instinct, framed by population replication axioms that undergird standard measures of poverty, is to say that in this case poverty has gone down. But this goes against the instinct of those who work directly with the poor, for whom the absolute numbe...

PURPOSE To retrospectively assess the clinical utility in ureteroscopy (URS) planning of cumulative stone diameter (CSD), which does not account for stone width or depth, as a predictor of URS outcome and compare it with stone volume. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with renal stones treated at a single institute by flexible URS were retrospectively evaluated. To assess the clinical utility of...

This paper provides scientific results from a European LIFE project carried out in the Valencian region of Spain during 2017 to 2018 time frame. In 2018, more than 60,000 tons pesticides were commercialized Spain, with approximately 15% destined for crops. order improve air quality agricultural areas this region, an innovative cropping system based on irrigation was developed and compared conve...

Monilinia laxa is a fungus that causes brown rot in stone fruit. Immature green fruits the first stage of fruit development (stage I) are generally susceptible. To investigate relationship between physical characteristics immature and susceptibility to M. laxa, we characterized progeny, derived from clone wild peach (Prunus davidiana) crossed with two commercial nectarines persica) varieties, t...

Species identification of scale insects is usually made during the adult female period. However, early nymphal stages are targeted in control these pests. Plum Lecanium, Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) an economically important pest stone fruits, almonds, and ornamental Prunus species Turkey as well worldwide. The first–instar, second–instar male female, t...

Let X be a completely regular space and let A(X) be a ring of continuous real-valued functions onX which is closed under local bounded inversion. We show that the structure space of A(X) is homeomorphic to a quotient of the Stone–Čech compactification of X. We use this result to show that any realcompactification of X is homeomorphic to a subspace of the structure space of some ring of continuo...

Despite widespread concern about biodiversity declines, few empirical studies exist on long-term population trends of mammal carnivores. In the context global change, it is essential to understand and resource use Mammal carnivores fulfil an important ecosystem function in terrestrial ecosystems as their top-down role directly indirectly influences prey populations which affects entire food web...