Five 9 cm x 9 cm x 9 cm phantoms, each with a 2-cm-diameter cylindrical inclusion, were produced with various dry-weight concentrations of agar and gelatin. Elastic contrasts ranged from 1.5 to 4.6, and values of the storage modulus (real part of the complex Young's modulus) were all in the soft tissue range. Additives assured immunity from bacterial invasion and can produce tissue-mimicking ul...

In the field of pharmaceutical research, injectable treatment therapy is currently one of the most highly examined methods of drug delivery. The continuation of this research is highly dependent on knowledge of fluid properties, specifically loss and storage modulus. Most drugs in the developmental stages of this method are extremely expensive and limited in quantity. Currently, devices that me...

We investigated the possibility that tendons that normally experience relatively high stresses and function as springs during locomotion, such as digital flexors, might develop different mechanical properties from those that experience only relatively low stresses, such as digital extensors. At birth the digital flexor and extensor tendons of pigs have identical mechanical properties, exhibitin...

Despite the success of elastography in grading hepatic fibrosis by stiffness related noninvasive markers the relationship between viscoelastic constants in the liver and tissue structure remains unclear. We therefore studied the mechanical properties of 16 human liver specimens with different degrees of fibrosis, inflammation and steatosis by wideband magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and s...

Since nearly all adult insects fly, the cuticle has to provide a very efficient and lightweight skeleton. Information is available about the mechanical properties of cuticle-Young's modulus of resilin is about 1 MPa, of soft cuticles about 1 kPa to 50 MPa, of sclerotised cuticles 1-20 GPa; Vicker's Hardness of sclerotised cuticle ranges between 25 and 80 kgf mm(-2); density is 1-1.3 kg m(-3)-an...

This study investigates preparation of melamine formaldehyde / montmorillonite nanocomposite coatings and evaluates its abrasion resistance property as a new material for wood based panel products. The ultrasonicated MF resin/clay blends with different clay loadings were applied in the form of coatings to the saturated decorative paper to prepare thermoset prepregs. Morphology and structure of ...

cross-linked polymeric organogels have attracted much attention in recent years. most synthesized organogels are based on low molecular weight or denderitic materials. the study focuses on the preparation of an alcohol absorbent organogel based on 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid (amps) through cross-linking polymerization. polyethylene glycol diacrylate-400 and ammonium persulphate ...

We develop a theory of sheaves and cohomology on the category proper modulus pairs. This complements [KMSY21], where non-proper pairs has been developed.