From applied linguistic point of view, the fundamental question facing the language teachers, methodologists and course designers is which procedure is more effective in FL/SL: learning to use or using to learn? Definitely, in order to be a competent language user, knowledge of language system is necessary, but it is not sufficient to be a successful language user. That is why there was a gradu...

Background: Hospital as the gravitational center of the health and treatment system and an open system involving complex processes and various (qualitative and quantitative) resources, needs an effective leadership style and an approperiate strategy to solve the organizational disagreements and conflicts in order to achieve its basic objectives. The object of this research is to study the relat...

the main aim of this study is to recognize and prioritize the effective factors of a sme’s excellence. the research population consists of experts or activists in ceramic and tile industry selected via purposeful conjecture based on judgmental sampling .the required data of this study were collected by two methods of library studies and survey studies.  in order to identify strengths and weakne...

This paper defines head linear reduction, a reduction strategy of λ-terms that performs the minimal number of substitutions for reaching a head normal form. The definition relies on an extended notion of redex, and head linear reduction is therefore not a strategy in the exact usual sense. Krivine’s Abstract Machine is proved to be sound by relating it both to head linear reduction and to usual...

We de ne a perpetual one-step reduction strategy which enables one to construct minimal (w.r.t. L evy's ordering on reductions) in nite reductions in Conditional Orthogonal Expression Reduction Systems. We use this strategy to derive two characterizations of perpetual redexes, i.e., redexes whose contractions retain the existence of in nite reductions. These characterizations generalize existin...

Studies in visual category learning show that participants use different category generalization strategies. Some studies report a preference for a rule-based strategy, while others report a preference for a similarity-based strategy. We conducted category learning experiments in which we varied three variables — family resemblance of a category, saliency of the defining rule and presentation o...

Most organizations have perceived the customer relationship management (CRM) concept as a technological solution for problems in individual areas, accompanied by a great deal of uncoordinated initiatives. Nevertheless, CRM must be conceived as a strategy, due to its human, technological, and processes implications, at the time an organization decides to implement it. On this basis, the main goa...

One of the critical issues confronting the evolving discipline of behavioral and neurological toxicology is the general lack of test validation in animal models. This paper seeks to provide a strategy aimed at resolving this important problem. It is proposed that test validation be accomplished by evaluating known neurotoxins in a battery of tests chosen to assess in animal models a wide range ...

BACKGROUND : Previous studies have provided theoretical and empirical evidence that environmental forces influence hospital strategy. PURPOSES : Rooted in resource dependence theory and the information uncertainty perspective, this study examined the relationship between environmental market characteristics and hospitals' selection of a health information technology (HIT) management strategy....