We present a general theory of negative refraction in periodic stratified heterostructures with an arbitrary number of homogeneous, isotropic, nonmagnetic layers in a unit cell. With a 4×4-matrix technique, we derive analytic expressions for the normal modes of such a heterostructure slab, introduce the average refraction angles of the energy flow and wavevector for the TE- and TM-polarized pla...

Ž . Ž . Cluster variable aperture CVA simulated annealing SA is an inversion technique to construct fluid flow models in fractured rocks based on the transient pressure data from hydraulic tests. A two-dimensional fracture network system is represented as a filled regular lattice of fracture elements. The algorithm iteratively changes element apertures for a cluster of fracture elements in orde...

The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in New Mexico is the first geologic repository for disposal of transuranic nuclear waste from defense-related programs of the US Department of Energy. It is constructed within halite beds of the Permian-age Salado Formation. The Culebra Dolomite, confined within Rustler Formation evaporites overlying the Salado Formation, is a potential pathway for radionu...

We develop theory and algorithms for the design of coatings which either eliminate or enhance reflection of waves from surfaces. For steady-state harmonic waves with continuous frequency spectrum that covers an arbitrarily prescribed frequency band, coatings are designed that essentially eliminate reflections of all frequencies within the band. Although we focus on acoustic waves in elastic med...

We investigate the thermal transport originating from the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in a thin gold stripe. The SPPs are excited by a grating coupler on the Au stripe which was patterned onto a silicon membrane. The transmissivity changes of the Si membrane due to temperature-induced changes of the interference conditions enable measuring the temperature distribution with ...

The manipulation of optical waves in the subwavelength scale is limited by diffraction. In the vicinity of a narrow aperture, the amplitude of the electric field is approximately uniform and the transmissivity is extremely low. Here we show that despite these fundamental constraints it may be possible to transport and redirect a complex electromagnetic image through a tiny subwavelength hole wi...

Since the work of Ebbesen et al. [Nature (London) 391, 667 (1998)], there has been immense interest in the optical properties of subwavelength holes in metal layers. While the enhanced transmission observed is generally associated with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), theoretical predictions suggest a similar response with perfectly conducting materials. However, Pendry et al. [Science 305, 8...

objective: dietary changes playmajor risk roles in oxidative stress andcardiovascular disease and modulate normal metabolic function. the present study was designed to investigate the ameliorative potential of different extracts of hemidesmus indicus to experimental high-fat diet in wistar rats, and their possible mechanism of action.  materials and methods: male wistar rats were divided into 6...