Most manufacturing processes result in residual stress. The level of residual stress can be high and could affect the structural integrity of the component. Without knowledge of the residual stress field, assessments are often overly conservative. There are many techniques available for residual stress measurement. Mechanical methods, such as centre-hole drilling, have been extensively used but...

Second-order tensors are a fundamental entity in engineering, physical sciences and biomechanics. Examples are stresses and strains in solids and velocity gradients in fluid flows. The visualization of tensor fields improves the understanding and interpretation of tensor data and is therefore of paramount importance for the scientist. This paper gives an introduction to the definition and visua...

New exact solutions for unsteady magnetohydrodynamic MHD flows of an Oldroyd-B fluid have been derived. The Oldroyd-B fluid saturates the porous space. Two different flow cases have been considered. The analytical expressions for velocity and shear stress fields have been obtained by using Laplace transform technique. The corresponding solutions for hydrodynamic OldroydB fluid in a nonporous sp...

The dynamics of the Reynolds stress tensor is given by an evolution equation coupling geometrical effects and turbulent source terms. The effects of the mean flow geometry are shown up when the source terms are neglected. In this case, the Reynolds stress tensor is expressed as the sum of three tensor products of vector fields only associated with the mean flow. The vector fields are governed b...

We report simulations of a two-dimensional, dense, bidisperse system of inelastic hard disks falling down a vertical tube under the influence of gravity. We examine the approach to jamming as the average flow of particles down the tube is slowed by making the outlet narrower. Defining coarse-grained velocity and stress fields, we study two-point temporal and spatial correlation functions of the...

An optical 2-beam surface stress measurement and magneto-optical Kerr-effect has been combined with a liquid helium cooled cryostat. Sample temperatures down to 30 K and magnetic fields up to 0.7 T are achieved under UHV conditions. Low temperatures are exploited to obtain the first experimental data on the surface stress change induced by the adsorption of the noble gas Xe on Pt(111). High mag...

background achievement in university education may be related to one’s emotional intelligent (ei) as well as his/her social skills and emotional control. therefore, it is also probable that the ei be associated with academic and occupational achievement in medical students. objectives the aim of this study was evaluation of the relation between ei and academic achievement of students working in...