The degree of gastric damage following to exposition of the mucosa to noxious agents depends upon a balance between the factors promoting this damage and those activating the natural defense mechanisms. Recent findings, presented in this review, provide evidence that melatonin prevents the formation of acute gastric lesions induced by stress and accelerates healing of chronic gastric ulcers due...

amodiaquine is an antimalarial drug used in the prophylaxis and treatment of this disease. however, hepatotoxicity as a life‑threatening adverse effect is associated with its clinical use. we evaluated amodiaquine-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes as an in vitro model for studying drug‑induced hepatotoxicity. this study attempts to investigate the protective effects of taurine and n-...

Several risk factors have been identified as potential contributors to pancreatic cancer development, including environmental and lifestyle factors, such as smoking, drinking and diet, and medical conditions such as diabetes and pancreatitis, all of which generate oxidative stress and DNA damage. Oxidative stress status can be modified by environmental factors and also by an individual's unique...

background: cadmium is one of the most toxic heavy metals in our environment having a very strong ability to accumulate in body organs, especially in kidney. the present study was done to determine the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in kidneys of rats exposed to cadmium. methods: male rats (n=30), kept in standard conditions were used in this study. the animals were randomly divided into 2 group...

Disturbance of the microcirculation and generation of reactive oxygen species are crucial in producing acute gastric mucosal lesions (AGML). To understand the protective mechanism against mucosal injury and oxidative stress in the stomach, we investigated sequential expression and localization of a product of lipid peroxidation and a chemical mediator of the oxidative response array, 4-hydroxyn...

Diclazuril is a triazine-based antiprotozoal agent which may have clinical application in the treatment of equine protozoal myeloencephalomyelitis (EPM). In this study, the use of the sodium salt diclazuril to increase the apparent bioavailability of diclazuril for the treatment and prophylaxis of EPM and various other Apicomplexan mediated diseases is described. In this study, diclazuril sodiu...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been shown to play a principal role in the pathogenesis of stress-induced gastric injury. Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) contains many antioxidants such as flavanoids, carotenoids and ascorbic acid. AIMS In this study, the histopathological and biochemical results of nutrition with a parsley-rich diet in terms of eliminating stress-induced oxidative gastric inj...

objective(s) gastric ulceration is induced by various forms of stress like surgery, ischemia and trauma. the female sex has more resistance to stress and the gastrointestinal lesions happen fewer than male sex. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of estradiol and progesterone on the gastric acid and pepsin levels following traumatic brain injury (tbi) induction. materials and met...

Diamine oxidase (histaminase) is an enzyme found in high concentrations in the intestinal mucosa of humans and other mammalian species. We investigated whether plasma and mucosal levels of diamine oxidase activity reflect both the maturational status of the mucosa during its development in the newborn rate and the degree of mucosal damage during its injury in the adult rat. Litter mates were re...

BACKGROUND The exposure of gastric mucosa to damaging factors, such as ethanol, water restraint stress, or ischemia followed by reperfusion, produces pathological changes: inflammatory process, hemorrhagic erosions, even acute ulcers. The base of these changes is a disturbance of protective mechanisms and disrupture of gastric mucosal barrier. Previous studies pointed out the role of disturbanc...