Pollutants have been reported to disrupt the endocrine system of marine animals, which may be exposed through contaminated seawater or through the food chain. Although 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE₂), a drug used in hormone therapies, is widely present in the aquatic environment, current knowledge on the sensitivity of marine fish to estrogenic pollutants is limited. We report the effect of the diet...

The antibacterial activity present in the s k ~ n mucus of turbot Scophthalmus maximus, seabream Sparus aurdtd and seabass Dicentrarchus labrdx against Pasteul-ella piscicida and Flex~bacter maritimus was evaluated. Using assays on agar plates, none of the mucus samples from the above fish showed any antibacterial activity against E maritimus isolates. Turbot mucus inhibited the growth of the P...

The ice crystal formation is assumed as the most lethal factor for the failure of fish embryo cryopreservation and intracellular ice formation (IIF) plays a central role in cell injury during cooling. The objectives were to observe the morphological changes of red seabream (Pagrus major) embryo during the cooling-thawing process, and to examine the effect of cryoprotectant and cooling rate on t...

A simple and sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay is described for detection of the red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) in infected fish. The assay involves amplification of a portion of the ribonucleotide reductase small subunit (RNRS) gene of the virus from DNA isolated from the spleen. The system was tested on red sea bream following an experimental infection. In our infection m...

Striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV), a nodavirus, is the causative agent of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in larval striped jack fish. In the present study, the SJNNV coat protein gene was sequenced and compared with that of four known insect nodaviruses and with four other fish nodaviruses causing VNN. The SJNNV coat protein gene was 1410 bases in length and contained a single ORF of 10...

Predicting the geographic spread of wildlife epidemics requires knowledge about the movement patterns of disease hosts or vectors. The field of landscape genetics provides valuable approaches to study dispersal indirectly, which in turn may be used to understand patterns of disease spread. Here, we applied landscape genetic analyses and spatially explicit models to identify the potential path o...

While a large number of fractional quantized Hall states have been discovered in the lowest Landau level, such states become increasingly rare in higher Landau levels. Few quantized Hall states have been observed in the first Landau level (Landau level filling factor 2 ≤ ν < 4) and no such states have so far been found for filling factors ν ≥ 4. Correspondingly, the role of electron-electron in...

The freshwater spiny eel, Macrognathus pancalus is an inland water teleost fish commonly known as barred or striped spiny eel found in Asia. The sampling areas were selected which are spatially and geographically different and characterized by different environmental conditions in order to elucidation of ecotype. A total 345 specimens were collected from the sampling sites during January 2008...