BACKGROUND Varicose veins are prominent dilated veins in the lower limb primarily due to disease in the junction between superficial and deep venous system. Operative treatment of such condition significantly improves quality of life and also demonstrably decreases the potential complications. We present with analysis of fifty one consecutive open surgeries for varicose vein at Dhulikhel Hospit...

BACKGROUND Bioethanol production from biomass is becoming a hot topic internationally. Traditional static solid state fermentation (TS-SSF) for bioethanol production is similar to the traditional method of intermittent operation. The main problems of its large-scale intensive production are the low efficiency of mass and heat transfer and the high ethanol inhibition effect. In order to achieve ...

We use a large suite of carefully controlled full hydrodynamic simulations to study the ram pressure stripping of the hot gaseous halos of galaxies as they fall into massive groups and clusters. The sensitivity of the results to the orbit, total galaxy mass, and galaxy structural properties is explored. For typical structural and orbital parameters, we find that ∼ 30% of the initial hot galacti...

There are several physical processes to remove gas from galaxies in clusters, with subsequent starvation and star formation quenching: tidal interactions between galaxies, or tidal stripping from the cluster potential itself, interactions with the hot intra-cluster medium (ICM) through ram pressure, turbulent or viscous stripping, or also outflows from star formation of nuclear activity, We rev...

A multilayered microchip (25 x 95 mm) used for vacuum distillation is designed, fabricated and tested by rectification of a water-methanol mixture. The polymer chip employs a cooling channel to generate a temperature gradient along a distillation channel below, which is separated into a channel (72 microm deep) for liquid phase and a channel (72 microm deep) for vapor phase by an incorporated m...

Liquid-liquid extraction of lanthanide ions (Ln(3+)) using N,N-dioctyldiglycolamic acid (DODGAA) was comprehensively investigated, together with fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of the resulting extracted complexes in the organic phase. DODGAA enables the quantitative partitioning of all Ln(3+) ions from moderately acidic solutions, while showing selectivity for heavier lanthanides, ...

The proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) Facility includes a post-accelerator for rare isotopes (RIB linac) which must produce high-quality beams of radioactive ions over the full mass range, including uranium, at energies above the coulomb barrier, and with high transmission and efficiency. The latter requires the RIB linac to accept at injection ions in the 1+ charge state. A concept for s...

A two-axis optical imaging system using a Lissajous scan pattern with non-integer frequency ratio is presented. A waveguide with precisely tuned mechanical resonant frequencies is constructed by dip coating two fibres with a transparent polymer. Motion is achieved by mounting a waveguide cantilever at 45° on a single piezoelectric actuator with a dual-frequency drive. Confocal signal collection...

Let’s say that you wanted to determine the heavy metal identities and concentrations in sediment and suspended solid samples obtained from present day Lake Nakuru. What technique would you use for this determination? You could use Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) as was done in the article (Nelson 1998), but another technique, which is particularly good at detecting metals at the ppb level ...