The paper shows that the excessive value of the dead load factor in the ultimate load requirements of the current structural design code implies a size effect. The size effect implied, however, does not have a rational form; it cannot distinguish among various types of failure in which very different size effects apply. This size effect partly compensates for the absence of the actual size effe...

URM (Unreinforced Masonry) historic buildings can be generally arranged into three categories: adobe, brick and stone masonry. However, a common feature of URM structures is typically the low mechanical properties of the masonry material, especially in terms of shear strength. URM buildings are not amenable to seismic analysis, and the relatively low strength of stone and brickwork masonry ofte...

Oligoribonucleotides that corresponded to the X regions of the (+) and (-) polarity strands of HCV RNA, as well as several shorter oligomers comprising defined stem-loop motifs of their predicted secondary structure models, were analyzed by Pb2+-induced cleavage, partial digestion with specific nucleases and chemical modification. Patterns characteristic of the motifs were compared with those o...

Observing a load process above high thresholds, modeling it as a pulse process with random occurrence times and magnitudes, and extrapolating life-time maximum or design loads from the data is a common task in structural reliability analyses. In this paper, we consider a stationary live load sequence that arrive according to a dependent point process and allow for a weakened mixing-type depende...

The study introduces the detailed sequence of operations necessary to determine the selfand mutual inductances of power transformers from numerically simulated open-circuit and bucking experiments. Parameters of a welding style transformer are compared to those of a normal step-down transformer of equivalent ratings. The investigation identifies the different patterns of magnetic flux circulati...

Pain in the upper extremity, particufariy in the neck and shoulder region is a major source of work place injuries in i ndust ri esThe occurrence of such occupational injuries is also on the rise. Shoulder and neck pain has been associateâ with awkward and statïc postures, repetitive a m movements and lack of rest A W a r d working postures at the trunk, neck and shoulderç may be caused by a nu...

This research study focused on the long-term and repeated load behavior of wood-concrete composite beams in which the wood layer is composed of recycled utility poles. Previous research studies have found this type of a beam to have high efficiency and to be a potentially viable replacement for short span bridges on low traffic roadways. Since both wood and concrete exhibit time-dependent behav...

A residential building with a lateral load resisting system, adopted as a reference example, is considered in the paper. The system is made of shear walls realized using the tunnel form technology. The building is modelled for a varying number of floors, and the model is also used to consider the applicability of the technology with regard to construction costs. The influence of the type of soi...

The Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate (AFRL/VS), has developed a unique composite Payload Attach Fitting (PAF) shell design. Alliant Techsystems (ATK) and the Boeing Company, Huntington Beach, CA, have developed manufacturing processes and a shell design that incorporates an all-composite forward flange with transverse reinforcement (Z-pinning) at key locations to preven...

INTRODUCTION The lower ratio of dead load to live load than existing multi-girder bridges, wide girder spacing and simplified structural system of the twin-girder bridges can give rise to change of dynamic characteristics of the bridges. Wider girder spacing and changing of dynamic features will also effect on a vibration serviceability of the bridges. What is worse, according to running vehicl...