background infant formula means a breast-milk substitute specially manufactured to satisfy, by itself, the nutritional requirements of infants during the first months of life up to the introduction of appropriate complementary feeding. we aimed to determine the cost and burden of formula feeding on the family in al-amara city, iraq. materials and methods a cross-sectional analytic study was car...

A retrospective study of breastfeeding patterns in a socioeconomically homogeneous sample of 2520 mothers visiting Mexican outpatient clinics was conducted. During May and June 1975, mothers attending the outpatient departments of 4 clinics of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) were interviewed. The mothers ranged in age from 15 to 48 years. In 56.1% of the cases, the child's fathe...

BACKGROUND Healthy foods have been met with marked success in the last two decades. Lupine flours, protein concentrates, and isolates can be applied as a substance for enriching different kinds of food systems such as bakery products, lupine pasta, ice cream, milk substitutes. Imitation processed cheese is made from mixtures of dairy and/or non dairy proteins and fat/oils and is variously label...

The infants who cannot be breastfeed need to obtain energy and nutrition from other sources, such as formula. In this study, a human milk fat substitute (HMFS) rich in structured triglycerides (STG) with variety of fatty acids was prepared by one-step transesterification reaction. optimum conditions for the lipase-catalyzed between basa catfish oil solid fraction, Cinnamomum camphora seed kerne...

The effect of a milk substitute diet containing concentrated soya protein on secretory functions of the abomasum and pancreas and on plasma concentrations of gut hormones and soya antibodies was studied. Sixteen calves aged 12-19 weeks were given a milk substitute in which a major part of the protein source was either soya concentrate (soya diet) or skim milk (control diet). The soya diet was p...