To accurately project future water availability under a drying climate, it is important to understand how precipitation partitioned into other terrestrial balance components, such as fluxes (evaporation, transpiration, runoff) and changes in storage (soil moisture, groundwater). Many studies have reported unexpected large runoff reductions during drought, particularly for multi-year events, som...

Runoff constitutes one of the major water losses from agricultural fields in semi-arid areas. However, by adopting appropriate soil management practices, the runoff can be harnessed for improving crop yields. The main objective of this study was to quantify rainfall-runoff relationships under in-field rainwater harvesting (IRWH) using simulated rainfall, and to compare these results to those ob...

Conventional material removal of BK7 optical glass will normally result in brittle fracture at the surface, generating severe subsurface damage and poor surface finish. Subsurface damages induced by grinding strongly influence the mechanical strength and optical quality of optical glasses. However, through ductile mode grinding it is possible to reduce the surface and subsurface cracks. It is m...

Lateral subsurface stormflow (SSF) is the most important runoff generation mechanism for hillslopes in temperate climates. It influenced by pedological, biological, and topographic factors that change during landscape evolution, but so far little known about how SSF changes over long-time scales. Therefore, we conducted sprinkling experiments on a silicate carbonate moraine chronosequence Swiss...

Tile drains and French drains are typically used to control subsurface drainage, especially on greens and fairways with shallow water tables or fine soil texture. Tile drains are defined as "drains constructed by laying drain tile with unsealed joints in the bottom of a trench which is then refilled," whereas French drains are a "type of drain consisting of an excavated trench, refilled with pe...

Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and overland flow models have been used for runoff modeling over major land mass of India. Remote sensing derived daily rainfall data (Climate Prediction Centre), high temporal NDVI data (SPOT VGT), DEM (GTOPO30) and soil texture maps were used as input for the runoff modeling. SCS model setup was done in GIS (Arc GIS) environment. In general the reported and mod...