It is proposed to install an underwater observing system off the coast of Seattle, Washington and Vancouver, British Columbia in order to allow long-term scientific study of the ocean. The area to be covered corresponds to the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate. Electric power will be provided via a cable similar to a submarine telecommunications cable, and communications will be via fiber optics in t...

BACKGROUND Multiple studies have indicated that the Joe Camel advertising campaign has been successful in marketing tobacco to children and adolescents, whereas other studies have reported that current tobacco warning messages are ineffective. OBJECTIVE To determine the importance and believability of familiar and novel tobacco warning messages with and without cartoons that were modeled afte...

Key points A journal is inanimate and incapable of predation, hence there no such thing as a predatory journal. The predators are the publishing company CEOs, owners other complicit people. Those committing fraud identity theft should be prosecuted. Less time effort spent on scholarly investigations. More now devoted to prosecutions.

The Court of Appeal decision in Official Assignee v Wilson is the leading New Zealand case on "sham trusts". Obiter, O'Regan and Robertson JJ held that for a sham trust to exist, settlor trustee must have common intention not create trust. Post-Wilson, debate continues over precise elements render sham. Law Commission suggested doctrine, as means analysing validity an express trust, may be best...

OBJECTIVE The present study reports the longitudinal relationship between alcohol warning label exposure and alcohol consumption among adolescents. METHOD In-school surveys assessed adolescents at three annual time points beginning in tenth grade. There were 649 participants measured at all three time points; 51% were female. Four effects were the focus of the covariance structure, latent gro...