In this issue of Circulation, de Koning and colleagues1 evaluate the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption, incident coronary heart disease (CHD), and biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk using data from the Health Professionals’ Follow-up Study. This analysis is similar to this research group’s previous evaluation using data from the Nurses’ Health Study, wit...

Exposure of the lens of the eye to a high concentration of an aldose, such as n-glucose, n-galactose, or n-xylose, results in the accumulation of the corresponding sugar alcohols. The high concentration which t.hese alcohols reach within the lens fibers appears to be responsible for t,he loss of clarity of the lens that is observed in experimental sugar cataracts (1). The reduced triphosphopyri...

Efficient glucose-xylose co-utilization is critical for economical biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. To enable glucose-xylose co-utilization, a highly active xylose specific transporter without glucose inhibition is desirable. However, our understanding of the structure-activity/specificity relationship of sugar transporters in general is limited, which hinders our ability to eng...

ions at the nucleobases. The percent •OH attack probabilities to the various sugar hydrogens are shown in Figure 3.11 for model calculations in which sugar only or sugar plus base reactions are considered. In both cases, the total numbers of sugar attacks are normalized to 100%. Also plotted in Figure 3.11 are %SASA values (Rprobe = 1.2 Å and normalized only to the sugar hydrogens) and the expe...

The quality of grapes, as well as wine quality, flavor, stability, and sensorial characteristics depends on the content and composition of several different groups of compounds from grapes. One of these groups of compounds are sugars and consequently the alcohol content quantified in wines after alcoholic fermentation. During grape berry ripening, sucrose transported from the leaves is accumula...

Currently, many studies are being conducted to improve the emissions and combustion of diesel fuels vehicles. The majority these consist alcohol-derived fuels. Alcohol usually composed butanol, methenol, ethanol However, a high molecular alcohol such as iso-amyl with calorific value, which can be produced from sugar beet pulp, is focus more attention. Iso-amyl alcohol, chemical formula (CH3)2CH...

8-Amino-3,8-dideoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo8N) is a unique amino sugar that has thus far only been observed on the lipopolysaccharides of marine bacteria belonging to the genus Shewanella. Although its biological function is still unclear, it is thought that the sugar is important for the integrity of the bacterial cell outer membrane. A three-gene cluster required for the biosynthesis of...