Delivery mode (natural vs. cesarean) and feeding type (breast vs. formula feeding) are relevant factors for neonatal gut colonization. Biomolecular methods have shown that the ecological structure of infant microbiota is more complex than previously proposed, suggesting a relevant presence of unculturable bacteria. It has also been postulated that among unculturable bacteria, hydrogenotrophic p...

The photometric determination of bacterial concentration can be affected by secondary scattering and other interferences. The conventional growth medium for sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) has iron that precipitates as iron sulfides, a dark precipitate which is useful to indicate bacterial activity. However, iron hydroxides also precipitate at high pH values and the presence of these precipitat...

The oxidation of methane with sulfate is an important microbial metabolism in the global carbon cycle. In marine methane seeps, this process is mediated by consortia of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) that live in syntrophy with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The underlying interdependencies within this uncultured symbiotic partnership are poorly understood. We used a combination of r...

Roseofilum reptotaenium is a gliding, filamentous, phycoerythrin-rich cyanobacterium that has been found only in the horizontally migrating, pathogenic microbial mat, black band disease (BBD) on Caribbean corals. R. reptotaenium dominates the BBD mat in terms of biomass and motility, and the filaments form the mat fabric. This cyanobacterium produces the cyanotoxin microcystin, predominately MC...

Sulfur-/sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) have been used for remediation of metalcontaminated ground water and soil through the precipitation of metal sulfides. These metal sulfides range from 3 nm to 3 μm in diameter. Of specific interest to this research are zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) produced by SRBs with a diameter of ~3 nm. These ZnS NPs can be used as catalysts to grow nano-wires,...

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a Janus-faced molecule. On one hand, several toxic functions have been attributed to H₂S and exposure to high levels of this gas is extremely hazardous to health. On the other hand, H₂S delivery based clinical therapies are being developed to combat inflammation, visceral pain, oxidative stress related tissue injury, thrombosis and cancer. Since its discovery, H₂S has ...

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a global problem with severe consequences for the environment. South Africa’s abandoned mines are legacy from country’s economic dependence on mining sector, consequent negative impacts ecosystems. AMD remediation includes active and passive techniques. Constructed wetlands (a technique) have lower operational costs but require larger spaces longer timeframes to achi...

The ability of sulfate-reducing bacteria to produce hydrogen sulfide and the high affinity of sulfide to react with divalent metallic cations represent an excellent option to remove heavy metals from wastewater. Different parameters have been proposed to control the hydrogen sulfide production by anaerobic bacteria, such as the organic and sulfate loading rates and the feed COD/SO4(2-) ratio. T...

Methylmercury production by sulfate reducing bacteria in coastal sediments leads to bioaccumulation of mercury in fish, shellfish, and ultimately humans. Sulfur, organic carbon, and sediment structure and composition can all affect methylmercury production by changing the amount of bioavailable inorganic mercury and by stimulating the activity of methylating microbes. This study investigates to...

Manuscript for Applied and Environmental Microbiology 1 2 Application of denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) for monitoring 3 sulfate reducing bacteria in oilfields 4 5 Outi Priha, Mari Nyyssönen, Malin Bomberg, Arja Laitila, Jaakko Simell, Anu Kapanen and 6 Riikka Juvonen 7 8 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, Espoo, Finland 9 Kemira, Luoteisrinne 2, Es...