in this study the role of glutathione (gsh) in sulfur mustard -induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity, in human skin fibroblast cell line (hf2ff) was evaluated. sulfur mustard-induced superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide formation were evaluated by determination of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in cell lysate. the cytotoxicity of sulfur mustard was estimated by lactate dehyd...

Elemental analysis has played an important role in the characterization of soils since inception of the soil survey in the US. Recent efforts in analysis of trace and major elements (geochemistry) have provided necessary data to soil survey users in a variety of areas. The first part of this paper provides a brief overview of elemental sources, forms, mobility, and bioavailability; critical asp...

Thermal springs commonly occur along faults because of the enhanced vertical permeability afforded by fracture zones. Field and laboratory studies of fault zone materials document substantial heterogeneities in fracture permeabilities. Modeling and field studies of springs suggest that spatial variations in permeability strongly influence spring locations, discharge rates and temperatures. The ...

Phosphorus is a key biologic element, and a prebiotic pathway leading to its incorporation into biomolecules has been difficult to ascertain. Most potentially prebiotic phosphorylation reactions have relied on orthophosphate as the source of phosphorus. It is suggested here that the geochemistry of phosphorus on the early Earth was instead controlled by reduced oxidation state phosphorus compou...

The formation of amphibole cumulates beneath arc volcanoes is a key control on magma geochemistry, and generates a hydrous lower crust. Despite being widely inferred from trace element geochemistry as a major lower crustal phase, amphibole is neither abundant nor common as a phenocryst phase in arc lavas and erupted pyroclasts, prompting some authors to refer to it as a 'cryptic' fractionating ...

...................................................................................... ii Disclaimer.................................................................................... iii 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................ 1 2. Methodology.............................................................................. 2 2.1. Field Work..................

sulfur emission from coal combustion presents many environmental problems. the techniques used to reduce the amount of sulfur in coal before combustion, include physical, chemical and biological processes.biological processes based on degradation of sulfur compounds by microorganisms offer many advantages over the conventional physical and chemical processes. the processes are performed under m...

in the presented work, sulfur concrete and rubber were used for producing functionally graded materials (fgm). the physical and mechanical properties of sulfur concrete and rubber were changed continuously across the thickness. on one side, there was just rubber and, on the other, there was pure sulfur; the properties of each substance were moved to reach another. this kind of material was cons...

E volutionary theory states that some differences between individuals in a population are heritable, so that, when the environment changes, individuals bearing traits that provide the best adaptation to the new environment have the greatest chance for reproductive success. In a recent article in the American Mineralogist (1), Hazen et al. apply the term “evolution” to minerals in a similar mann...