We develop a mathematical model for the spreading of a thin volatile liquid droplet on a uniformly heated surface. The model accounts for the effects of surface tension, evaporation, thermocapillarity, gravity and disjoining pressure for both perfectly wetting and partially wetting liquids. Previous studies of non-isothermal spreading did not include the effects of disjoining pressure and there...

As surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors are well translated into biological, chemical, environmental, and clinical fields, it is critical to further realize stable and sustainable systems, avoiding oxidation susceptibility of metal films-in particular, silver substrates. We report an enhanced SPR detection performance by incorporating a TiO₂ layer on top of a thin silver film. A uni...

The surface roughness of carbon films, which are used as a specimen support in high-resolution electron microscopy, has been investigated by atomic force microscopy. Carbon films were prepared by evaporating carbon onto mica. We found that the carbon surface that had been in contact with the mica was between 3 and 9 times smoother than the surface which had faced the carbon source. Surfaces of ...

In order to the increase sensitivity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using micro-droplet reaction system formed by ink-jet, we employed small dots of two-dimensionally well-ordered structure of polystyrene (PS) microbeads (710 +/- 25 microm in diameter) formed on the surface of polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS). An aqueous suspension of polystyrene microbeads (5 microm) was ejected on t...

The precipitation response to sea surface temperature (SST) gradients associated with the Gulf Stream is investigated using an atmospheric general circulation model. Forced by observed SST, the model simulates a narrow band of precipitation, surface convergence, and evaporation that closely follows the Gulf Stream, much like satellite observations. Such a Gulf Stream rainband disappears in the ...

Molecular dynamics simulations have been employed to investigate the boiling phenomena of thin liquid films adsorbed on a nanostructured solid surface. The molecular system was comprised of the following: solid platinum wall, liquid argon, and argon vapor. A few layers of the liquid argon were placed on the nanoposts decorated solid surface. The nanoposts height was varied keeping the liquid fi...

Soil moisture plays a key role in most environmental processes, as evaporation and transpiration are heavily dependent on soil moisture variability. While it is one of the few important hydrological variables that can be directly observed, the high spatial and temporal variability makes it difficult to measure globally or even regionally. Reliance is therefore placed on land surface models to p...

The levelling of short-wave irregularities on a thin film of fluid is primarily due to the action of surface tension. Surface tension gradients are often created by a number of different factor including evaporation, thermal gradients or deposition of surfactants. Lubrication theory, which ignores inertia terms in favour of viscous terms, produces a system of two nonlinear pde’s for the unstead...

Introduction: Following its original interpretation that sediments at the Opportunity landing site on Mars were deposited by evaporation of salty surface water [1], the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Athena team team now argues for a “remarkably complex” sequence of events involving eolian deposition of medium to coarse sand grains where each grain is composed of a uniform mixture of sulfates and...

The cryogenic cavitation has critical implications on the performance and safety of liquid rocket engines. In this study, a systematic investigation based on the surrogate modeling techniques is conducted to assess and improve the performance of a transport-based cryogenic cavitation model. Based on the surrogate model, global sensitivity analysis is be conducted to assess the role of model par...