Most surgical procedures and therapeutic interventions have been traditionally performed by gaining direct access to the internal anatomy, using direct visual inspection to deliver therapy and treat the conditions. In the meantime, a wide variety of medical imaging modalities have been employed to diagnose the condition, plan the procedure and monitor the patient during the intervention; nevert...

The safety, advantages and disadvantages of thyroidectomy for microcarcinoma through the areola approach and breast approach were compared. Fifty patients diagnosed with thyroid microcarcinoma in our department from January 2014 to June 2015 were selected. The areola approach was carried out for 21 patients whereas the breast approach for 29 patients. Endoscopic thyroid lobectomy, isthmus resec...

S urgical treatment of aortic arch aneurysms has been challenging. These aneurysms are usually treated with open surgical repair that requires cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA). Furthermore, in cases of aneurysms involving both the aortic arch and the descending thoracic aorta (DTA) extensive surgical incisions or staged procedures are often necessary, increa...

BACKGROUND Sternal wound infection remains a serious potential complication after cardiac surgery. A recent development for preventing wound complications after surgery is the adjunctive treatment of closed incisions with negative pressure wound therapy. Suggested mechanisms of preventive action are improving the local blood flow, removing fluids and components in these fluids, helping keep the...

OBJECTIVE Trauma of the zygomaticomaxillary complex constitutes 45% of all midface fractures. In the author's medical unit, the proportion is 40% of all fractures of the facial skeleton. Most zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures can be treated via local incisions, however; multiple, comminuted and late fractures require wide exposure of the fragments in order to adequately reposition them and ...

OBJECTIVE To compare 2 clinical wound scales and to determine a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) on the visual analog cosmesis scale. METHODS Using data from 2 previously published clinical trials, 91 lacerations and 43 surgical incisions were assessed on the 2 scales; a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) (0 = worst possible scar, 100 = best possible scar) and a wound evaluation s...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the evidence for fascial closure of 5-mm laparoscopic trocar sites. METHODS We conducted electronic database searches of PubMed and the Cochrane Library for articles published between November 2008 and December 2010. We used the keywords trocar hernia, trocar-site hernia, laparoscopic hernia, trocar port-site hernia, laparoscopic port-site hernia. Prospective and retrosp...

INTRODUCTION The humerus is subjected to substantial amount of torsional stress. Conventional plating may not address this sufficiently and may lead to fixation failure or non-union. A helical plate may offer the solution. We present the surgical technique and functional outcome of 5 cases of humeral shaft fractures treated with this technique in a minimally invasive way. MATERIALS AND METHOD...

Objective(s) Wound licking has been shown to advance wound healing among humans and many other animals. The present study evaluates the licking effects on healing of skin wound in rats. Materials and Methods Twenty four rats were assigned to 4 different groups randomly and two 3 cm longitudinal full thickness incisions were made on each dorsal and ventral side of rats. The ventral incisions ...

Local flaps are the standard procedure to reconstruct facial defects. As it occurs in any surgical procedure, the incision should be planned so that scars are located in the minimum skin tension lines. We report two cases of O to Z flaps in the supra and infraciliary regions. One of them is a hatchet flap.