A traditional approach to model infectious diseases is to use compartment models based on differential equations, such as the SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered) model. These models explain average behavior, but are inadequate to account for stochastic fluctuations of epidemiological variables. An alternative approach is to use Individual-Based Model (IBM), that represent each individual as a ...

Signature based anti-virus technologies are widely used to fight computer viruses. It is difficult to evaluate such systems because they work in the wild and few companies would be willing to turn them off to be part of a control group! This paper presents a new model of these technologies that can be used to predict and evaluate their effectiveness. The paper will demonstrate how the model can...

This paper outlines the design and implementation of an agent-based epidemiological simulation system. The system was implemented in the MASON toolkit, a set of Java-based agent-simulation libraries. This epidemiological simulation system is robust and extensible for multiple applications, including classroom demonstrations of many types of epidemics and detailed numerical experimentation on a ...

In this paper, we conduct a careful global stability analysis for a generalized cholera epidemiological model originally proposed in [J. Wang and S. Liao, A generalized cholera model and epidemic/endemic analysis, J. Biol. Dyn. 6 (2012), pp. 568-589]. Cholera is a water- and food-borne infectious disease whose dynamics are complicated by the multiple interactions between the human host, the pat...

, 501-507 271 2004 Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Marjorie J. Wonham, Tomás de-Camino-Beck and Mark A. Lewis analysis and control applications An epidemiological model for West Nile virus: invasion References http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/271/1538/501#related-urls Article cited in: Email alerting service here right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new a...

OBJECTIVE Recent outbreaks of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) have been difficult to control, and data indicate that the importance of different sources of transmission may have changed. Our objectives were to evaluate the contributions of asymptomatic and symptomatic C. difficile carriers to new colonizations and to determine the most important epidemiological factors influencing C. diff...

The population sizes of species are affected not only by ecological interactions, such as predation and competition, but also by infectious diseases. In this paper, we propose a model combining disease and competition, and try to understand how the disease affects the two competing species. We assume that only one of the species is susceptible to an SI type disease with mass action incidence, a...

As a category A agent in the Center for Disease Control bioterrorism list, Rift Valley fever (RVF) is considered a major threat to the United States (USA). Should the pathogen be intentionally or unintentionally introduced to the continental USA, there is tremendous potential for economic damages due to loss of livestock, trade restrictions, and subsequent food supply chain disruptions. We have...

Privational infantile rickets is now rare in the UK. Privational vitamin D deficiency remains common in the British Asian population, leading to neonatal, infantile and late rickets in childhood and osteomalacia (adult rickets) in Asian women (Dunnigan et al. 1962; Ford et al. 1972a, 1973; Holmes et al. 1973; Stamp et al. 1980). The prevalence of these manifestations of severe vitamin D deficie...