A mixture of the two isomers of 1-chlorophospholene-l-oxide, obtained by a one-step, high-yield procedure reported previously1, upon reaction with P4S10 was converted to a mixture of the two isomers of 1-chlorophospholene-l-sulfide which may be separated by spinning-band distillation. The thus obtained isomerically pure 1-chlorophospholene-1sulfides were hydrolyzed to the corresponding 1-hydrox...

The paper describes a simple gas chromatographic method for quantification of ethanol in distillates of chocolate shell pralines and fillings. The samples were prepared in two steps. The first step consisted of ethanol distillation from the product and the second involved capillary gas chromatography of 10% v/v distillate with expected ethanol content between 0.06% and 2.5% w/w. Quantification ...

The detailed characterisation of middle distillates is essential for a better understanding of reactions involved in refining process. Owing to higher resolution power and enhanced sensitivity, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) is a powerful tool for improving characterisation of petroleum samples. The aim of this paper is to compare GC x GC and various ASTM methods -- ...

reducing co2 emission and lowering the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has quickly become one of the most urgent environmental issues. while a variety of technologies and methods have been developed, the separation of co2 from gas streams is still a critical issue. apart from establishing new techniques, the exploration of membrane materials with high separation performance ...

Reducing CO2 emission and lowering the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has quickly become one of the most urgent environmental issues. While a variety of technologies and methods have been developed, the separation of CO2 from gas streams is still a critical issue. Apart from establishing new techniques, the exploration of membrane materials with high separation performance ...

Membrane processes are today one of the key technologies for industrial gas separations and show growing interest for future use in sustainable production systems. Besides materials development, dedicated engineering methods are of major importance for the rigorous and most efficient design of membrane units and systems. Starting from approaches based on simplified hypotheses developed in the 5...

a dissolved methane sensor based on silicone tube was designed, constructed and optimized.the silicone tube diameter, silicone tube length and helium flow rate (as the carrier gas(were considered as process parameters to be optimized.a continuous stream of helium (50 ml/min) was directed through the tubing, sweeping out the dissolved methane which diffused through the walls of the tubing from t...

Production of renewable commodity chemicals from bio-oil derived from fast pyrolysis of biomass has received considerable interests, but hindered by the presence of innumerable components in bio-oil. In present work, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated an innovative approach combining atmospheric distillation of bio-oil with co-pyrolysis for mass production of renewable chemicals from b...

A simple flow injection (FI) conductometric system with gas diffusion separation was developed for the determination of Kjeldahl nitrogen (or proteins) in milk and chicken meat. The sample was digested according to the Kjeldahl standard method and the digest was diluted and directly injected into the donor stream consisting of 4M NaOH. In alkaline medium, ammonium was converted to ammonia, whic...