The genetic code has evolved from its initial non-degenerate wobble version until reaching its present state of degeneracy. By using the stereochemical hypothesis, we revisit the problem of codon assignations to the synonymy classes of amino-acids. We obtain these classes with a simple classifier based on physico-chemical properties of nucleic bases, like hydrophobicity and molecular weight. Th...

The fossil orthopteran Brauckmannia groeningae Martins-Neto (Orthoptera, Ensifera) from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil, currently misplaced at both the genus and family level, is transferred to the family Schizodactylidae and assigned to the extant genus Schizodactylus Brullé; ergo, Brauckmannia enters synonymy under Schizodactylus and Brauckmanniidae enters synonymy under Schiz...

This study examines the relationship between two kinds of semantic spaces — i.e., spaces based on term frequency (tf) and word cooccurrence frequency (co) — and four semantic relations — i.e., synonymy, coordination, superordination, and collocation — by comparing, for each semantic relation, the performance of two semantic spaces in predicting word association. The simulation experiment demons...

Several works in computational linguistics try to study the relationships among dictionary entries. These works consider the dictionary as a graph where words are represented by vertices and relationships between two words by an arrow between the corresponding vertices. Several kinds of relationships exist between two words such as synonymy, antonymy, hyperonymy, hyponymy ... We define the prox...

Nomenclatural changes within the treehopper tribe Telamonini are made as follows based on an examination of the type material of several species: the genus Helonica Ball is a junior synonym of Telamona Fitch, n. syn.; Telamona excelsa (Fairmaire), n. comb., with n. syn. T. unicolor Fitch; T. projecta Butler is reinstated from synonymy as a valid taxon for the North American taxa historically pl...

The Taiwanese species of the genus Paridea Baly, 1886, are revised. Two new species, Paridea (Semacia) houjayi sp. n. and P. (S.) kaoi sp. n. are described. Both were confused previously with P. (S.) sexmaculata (Laboissière, 1930) and P. (S.) angulicollis (Motschulsky, 1854) respectively. Paridea (P.) sauteri (Chûjô, 1935) and P. (P.) taiwana (Chûjô, 1935) are removed from synonymy with P. (P....

The main objective of this work is to improve the quality of the results provided by search engines in the Internet. In order to get this aim, we have developed the metasearcher FISS (Fuzzy Interrelations and Synonymy based Searcher) that incorporates a soft clustering component whose similarity function considers the cooccurrence of concepts of the retrieved documents. The metasearcher uses an...

The genus Sphex Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) is studied from India and key to Indian species provided. state-wise distributions of four are augmented here. A new synonymy proposed: zubaidiyacus Augul, 2013 = S. obscurus (Fabricius, 1804).