A model based on the elementary principles of hydrostatic and air pressures is proposed for classroom demonstration of some concepts related to membrane potential. The instrument comprises a system of U tubes, pressure gauges, stopcocks, and syringes. Intracellular and extracellular ionic concentrations are represented in the model by the pressure heads of fluid columns in the twin limbs of the...

Intravitreal injections (IVI) of biologics targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) led to a paradigm shift in the management and prognosis prevalent retinal conditions. Yet, IVI are typically performed with syringes that neither developed nor approved for this purpose. Notably, lubricated silicone oil (SiO) extensively used despite multiple reports showing such can cause deposi...

Three methacrylate allergens, methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA), and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), were purchased from Chemotechnique Diagnostics (Vellinge, Sweden). These were compounded in 2.0% wt/wt petrolatum (pet.) and inserted into capped polypropylene syringes (with and without aluminium foil wrapping) and IQ chambers (Chemotechnique Diagnostics) wi...

AIM To evaluate the cytological diagnostic capacity and sample quality of the slow-pull technique and compare them with different suction techniques. METHODS From July 2010 to December 2015, 102 patients with pancreatic solid lesions who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) with 22-gauge needles were retrospectively evaluated. EUS-FNA diagnosis was based on ...

BACKGROUND The common failure of health systems to ensure adequate and sufficient supplies of injection devices may have a negative impact on injection safety. We conducted an assessment in April 2001 to determine to which extent an increase in safe injection practices between 1995 and 2000 was related to the increased access to injection devices because of a new essential medicine policy in Bu...

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the stability of (60 mg/ml) Cefotetan disodium (CTT) in 0.9% sodium chloride sterile saline solution stored in polypropylene syringes at ambient temperature (25 ± 1°C) and 5 ± 1°C by the use of a stability indicating high performance liquid chromatographic assay method. Methods: Solutions of CTT (60 mg/ml) were prepared from commercially availab...

background: current who best infection control practices for injections do not address the use of hub cutters due to insufficient evidence on safety and efficacy. objective: to assess the impact of the use of hub cutters on 1) the frequency of needle-stick injuries (nsis) and other blood exposures among workers and 2) the volume of sharps waste in a mass vaccination campaign setting. methods: d...