CONTEXT It has been shown that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and related traits. However, empirical data, often based on small samples, did not confirm this observation in all studies. Therefore, the role of mtDNA content in T2D remains elusive. OBJECTIVE In this study, we assessed the heritability of mtDNA content in buccal cells and analyzed the ...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) represents one of the major global health problems of modern societies. Its pathogenesis is complex and it was classically characterized by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction (with diminished insulin secretion) followed by decline of the beta cell mass, peripheral insulin resistance and increased hepatic glucose production, most often associated with obesity. T2D pathogenesis i...

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) might occur within metabolic syndrome (MbS). One of the complications of T2D is an impaired (imp) cardiovascular autonomic function (CAF). AIMS In subjects with T2D and age ≤ 55 years, the prevalence of impCAF and its relationship with BMI, waist, HbA(1c) values, MbS, hypertension, and family history of T2D and/or hypertension were analysed. METHODS 180 subj...

Genome-wide association studies have identified several loci associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Polymorphisms within the KCNQ1 (potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily, member 1) gene are consistently associated with T2D in a number of populations. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the association of 3 polymorphis...

Despite increasing research in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), there are few studies showing the impact of the poor glycemic control on biological processes occurring in T2D. In order to identify potential genes related to poorly/well-controlled patients with T2D, our strategy of investigation included a primary screen by microarray (Human Genome U133) in a small group of individuals followed b...

In observational studies, type-2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), yet interventional trials have shown no clear effect of glucose-lowering on CHD. Confounding may have therefore influenced these observational estimates. Here we use Mendelian randomization to obtain unconfounded estimates of the influence of T2D and fasting glucose (FG) on CHD ...

OBJECTIVES We explored whether ethnic differences in type 2 diabetes (T2D) explain ethnic disparities in cognitive impairment. DESIGN Longitudinal study. SETTING A cohort study of multiethnic community-dwelling elderly persons in Northern Manhattan, New York. PARTICIPANTS 941 participants aged > or =65 years without prevalent cognitive impairment or dementia (CID) were followed for a medi...

We evaluated the associations of liver aminotransferases with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in general populations by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of published prospective studies. Studies were identified in a literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1950 through October 2012. Of the 2,729 studies reviewed, 17 studies involving 60,359 participants and 3,8...

Betatrophin/ANGPTL8 is a newly identified hormone produced in liver and adipose tissue that has been shown to be induced as a result of insulin resistance and regulates lipid metabolism. Little is known about betatrophin level in humans and its association with T2D and metabolic risk factors. Plasma level of betatrophin was measured by ELISA in 1603 subjects: 1047 non-diabetic and 556 T2D subje...

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a multifactorial disease in which environmental triggers interact with genetic variants in the predisposition to the disease. A number of common variants have been associated with T2D but our knowledge of their ability to predict T2D prospectively is limited. METHODS AND FINDINGS By using a Cox proportional hazard model, common variants in the PPARG (P12A),...