We investigate unoriented strings and superstrings in two dimensions and their dual matrix quantum mechanics. Most of the models we study have a tachyon tadpole coming from the RP 2 worldsheet which needs to be cancelled by a renormalization of the worldsheet theory. We find evidence that the dual matrix models describe the renormalized theory. The singlet sector of the matrix models is integra...

Pesticides constitute a major anthropogenic addition to natural communities. In aquatic communities, a great majority of pesticide impacts are determined from singlespecies experiments conducted under laboratory conditions. Although this is an essential protocol to rapidly identify the direct impacts of pesticides on organisms, it prevents an assessment of direct and indirect pesticide effects ...

1 recording from all layers of the tadpole tectum 2 3 Abbreviated title: Novel tadpole brain preparation for studying the tectum 4 5 Author names: Institutes of Health under grant number P30GM32128. We thank Dr. Carlos 26 Aizenman and Dr. Mayank Mehta for their help with the current-source density 27 analysis and Dr. Qian-Quan Sun for helpful comments on the manuscript. 1 38 The Xenopus tadpole...

This investigation examines the role of trait-mediated indirect interactions in a simple aquatic food web. We conducted the experiments in cattle watering tanks in order to establish whether competitive and predator–prey interactions between two species are affected by other species in the system; i.e., are pairwise interaction strengths affected by the background species assemblage? We examine...

Severe Perkinsea infection is an emerging disease of amphibians, specifically tadpoles. Disease presentation correlates with liver infections a subclade (Alveolata) protists, named Pathogenic Clade (PPC). Tadpole mortality events associated PPC have been reported across North America, from Alaska to Florida. Here, we investigate the geographic and host range associations in seemingly healthy ta...

A bstract One remaining problem of unitarity cut method for one-loop integral reduction is that tadpole coefficients can not be straightforward obtained through this way. In paper, we reconsider the by applying differential operators over an auxiliary vector R . Using operators, establish corresponding equations at first step. Then using tensor structure coefficients, transform to recurrence re...

The importance of the blood- and lymph vessels in the transport of essential fluids, gases, macromolecules and cells in vertebrates warrants optimal insight into the regulatory mechanisms underlying their development. Mouse and zebrafish models of lymphatic development are instrumental for gene discovery and gene characterization but are challenging for certain aspects, e.g. no direct accessibi...

Tadpole shrimp (Crustacea, Notostraca) are iconic inhabitants of temporary aquatic habitats worldwide. Often cited as prime examples of evolutionary stasis, surviving representatives closely resemble fossils older than 200 mya, suggestive of an ancient origin. Despite significant interest in the group as 'living fossils' the taxonomy of surviving taxa is still under debate and both the phylogen...