Many previous research studies on extractive text summarization consider a subset of words in a document as keywords and use a sentence ranking function that ranks sentences based on their similarities with the list of extracted keywords. But the use of key concepts in automatic text summarization task has received less attention in literature on summarization. The proposed work uses key concep...

Distributions over rankings are used to model data in various settings such as preference analysis and political elections. The factorial size of the space of rankings, however, typically forces one to make structural assumptions, such as smoothness, sparsity, or probabilistic independence about these underlying distributions. We approach the modeling problem from the computational principle th...

Since Holland (1993) introduced the concept of tags a number of tag models with intriguing and potentially very useful, properties have been advanced. However there is currently little understanding as to the exact mechanisms that produce these results. Specifically it is not know what (if any) are the necessary conditions for tag systems to produce high levels of cooperation in social dilemmas...

this research intended to determine whether english and persian men and women were different with respect to the use of intensifiers, hedges and tag questions. to conduct the study, r. lakoff's (1975) ideas concerning linguistic differences between males and females were taken into account. in order to gather the most natural-like data, 6 english and 8 persian film• scripts with a family a...