Laboratory methods and questionnaires to assess the relative reinforcing value of food (RRV-F) have been developed, but this is the first study to validate an online questionnaire measure of the RRV-F. Participants (281 college students) completed an online survey assessing demographic variables, food preferences, and the RRV-F. A subsample (n=21) also completed a laboratory food choice session...

Ivan Havel remembers when in the late 1970s the Czechoslovakian state police began watching his apartment. For months he had been hosting unofficial science seminars, and the police didn't like it. "It politicized me, says the soft-spoken computer scientist and brother of Czechoslovakian president Vaclav Havel. "The police would check the people who came and ask them to identify 'themselves. Th...

Water quantity and quality joint operation is a new mode in the present dams' operation research. It has become a hot topic in governmental efforts toward integrated basin improvement. This paper coupled a water quantity and quality joint operation model (QCmode) and genetic algorithm with Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Together, these tools were used to explore a reasonable operation o...

mpsiac is currently known as an appropriate method to measure sediment ofwatershed basins of the country while there has not been any sensitivity analysis so far forthis method. in this study, required data for mpsiac model were gathered from six basins;amame-kamarkhani, kand-golandok, tang kenesht (from two different references), nojian(from three different references), pegahe sorkh katvand (f...

[1] The mass change of South America (SA) continent measured by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) imposes a constraint on the uncertainties in estimating the annual variation of rainfall measured by Tropical Rain Measuring Mission (TRMM) and ocean moisture influx derived from QuikSCAT data. The approximate balance of the mass change rate with the moisture influx less climatolo...

Adapting a simple biological model, we study the eeects of control on the market. Companies are depicted as sites on a lattice and labelled by a tness parameter (somècompany{size' indicator). The chance of survival of a company on the market at any given time is related to its tness, its position on the lattice and on some particular external innuence, which may be considered to represent regul...

Sequences from the mitochondrial control region of 14 putative species of Acrossocheilus (Cyprinidae) were examined to elucidate phylogenetic relationships within species of the barred group in that genus. Phylogenetic reconstructions were generated using three tree-building methods: maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference. The resultant phylogenies were consistent with mo...

W. Zhao, Q. Yue, ∗ K.J. Kang, J.P. Cheng, Y.J. Li, H.T. Wong, † S.T. Lin, 7, ‡ J.P. Chang, J.H. Chen, † Q.H. Chen, Y.H. Chen, Z. Deng, Q. Du, H. Gong, X.Q. Hao, H.J. He, Q.J. He, H.X. Huang, T.R. Huang, † H. Jiang, H.B. Li, † J. Li, J. Li, J.M. Li, X. Li, X.Y. Li, Y.L. Li, F.K. Lin, † S.K. Liu, L.C. Lü, H. Ma, J.L. Ma, S.J. Mao, J.Q. Qin, J. Ren, J. Ren, X.C. Ruan, V. Sharma, 8 M.B. Shen, L. Si...

Title:Gastroprotective effect of the traditional herbal medicine, Sipjeondaebo-tang water extract, against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury.