A tapered fiber with a depressed-index outer ring is fabricated and dispersion engineered to generate a widely tunable (1250-1650 nm) fundamental-mode leakage loss with a high cutoff slope (-1.2 dB/nm) and a high attenuation for stop band (>50 dB) by modification of both waveguide and material dispersions. The higher cutoff slope is achieved with a larger cross angle between the two refractive ...

The Charpy impact energy of A356 alloys has been measured. Instrumented Charpy impact tests have been conducted at 25, 100, 150, and 200 ~ The Charpy specimens were machined from plate castings or tapered cylindrical castings. The plates were produced in sand molds, and tapered cylinders were produced in water-cooled copper molds. Both unmodified and strontium-modified castings were tested. The...

In this paper, a tapered tip optical fiber probe sensor for localized refractive index (RI) measurements is presented. This sensor’s interaction with analytes is confined to a few micro-meters which makes it a promising candidate for in-vivo or even intra-cellular RI monitoring. This tapered tip was simply fabricated by etching optical fiber with hydrofluoric acid to a conic shape with a submic...

UNLABELLED An infant with a type IV laryngotracheoesophageal cleft underwent transcervical repair using a long tapered cartilage graft. A laryngofissure was carried down to the innominate artery to expose the cleft that extended 5 mm inferior to the vessel. The edges of the cleft were excised, the trachealis was separated from the esophagus that was reapproximated, and clavicular periosteum was...

For fused tapered fiber couplers with weakly fused cross sections, power coupling takes place between two touching tapered cladding cylinders embedded in the air, and the cylinders then become a strongly guiding structure. We provide accurate polarization-dependent coupling coefficients for such a structure, on the basis of a rigorous vectorial numerical calculation. Our results for the corresp...

We demonstrate the photophoretic trapping of more than several hundreds of absorbing particles by tapered-ring optical traps diffracted from a circular aperture. The experiments with different laser powers show the influence of air flow acting on particles. Three kinds of particles with different densities (about 1~7 g/cm(3)) and different shapes (spherical, non-spherical) can be trapped. The n...

We have investigated the generation of supercontinuum in tapered Y-shaped fibers in the nanosecond pump regime. This fiber used to fabricate the tapers has, in addition, a Gedoped core which enhances the nonlinearity of the material and the Raman gain. The fiber was pumped at 1064 nm in the ns pump regime (0.6 ns pulses and up to 3.2 kW peak power). The taper had a uniform waist of 0.9 μm diame...

We describe a method to fabricate tapered glass nozzles suitable for liquid-jet-target generation in laser-plasma soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet sources. In the method, a tapered nozzle is formed as an integral part of a flexible capillary glass tubing. The method makes use of inert materials, extending the possible choice of target liquids compared to current nozzles. It also provides flex...

A novel injection scheme is described in which ultrasmall samples in the attoliter (10(-18) L) and low femtoliter (10(-15) L) range, or even single molecules, are controllably introduced into a tapered capillary so that electrophoretic separation can be carried out. To match the dimensions of the capillary inlet with that of the sample, capillary tips are tapered to an inside diameter ranging f...

We show that tapered arrays of thin metallic wires can manipulate electromagnetic fields on the subwavelength spatial scale. Two types of nanoscale imaging applications using terahertz and midinfrared waves are enabled: image magnification and radiation focusing. First, the tapered wire array acts as a multipixel TEM endoscope by capturing an electromagnetic field profile created by deeply subw...