Learning as a function of task complexity was examined in human learning and two connectionist simulations. An example task involved learning to map basic input/output digital logic functions for six digital gates (AND OR, XOR and negated versions) with 2or 6-inputs. Humans given instruction learned the task in about 300 trials and showed no effect of the number of inputs. Backpropagation learn...

This study compared the effect of information gap and opinion gap tasks on introvert and extrovert EFL learners’ speaking. Accordingly, 138 learners out of 180 intermediate learners were chosen through their scores on a sample Preliminary English Test (PET). These learners further responded to the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) which categorized them into introverts and extroverts. Altoget...

The study examined whether an instruction-based strategy (studying the instructions before attempting the task) or task-based strategy (attempting the task and referencing instructions) is more effective for procedural performance and learning. Four groups of participants performed two macramé tasks, and received detailed instructions at different times in the process of attempting the tasks. P...

Mutual gaze is important to social interaction, and can also facilitate task performance. Previous work has assumed that staring at someone maximises mutual gaze. Eye-tracking is used to explore this claim, along with the relationship between mutual gaze and task performance. Two participants – Instruction Giver (IG) and Instruction Follower (IF) – communicated via avatars in Second Life to sol...

Abstract The present study examined nonword repetition (NWR) and comprehension/production of single-word vocabulary in the majority language (English) six- to eight-year-old English-Gaelic emergent bilingual children attending Gaelic-medium primary education (GMPE) (primary years 2 3). GMPE is an immersion model found Scotland where minority language, Gaelic, instruction, whereas English commun...

“The*SIOP*Model**is*a*research9based*and*validated*model*of*sheltered*instruction.* Professional*development*in*the*SIOP*Model*helps*teachers*plan*and*deliver*lessons* that*allow*English*learners*to*acquire*academic*knowledge*as*they*develop*English* language*proficiency.”**(http://www.cal.org/siop/)* * “Based*on*years*of*research,*the*Sheltered*Instruction*Observation*Protocol*(SIOP®)* Model*i...

High level design decisions as HW/SW-partitioning and instrumenting of building blocks can be supported efficientlyby detailed analysis of dynamic instruction usage. In many cases the instruction usage is specific to the applicationdomain in view. Wepresent a very fast analysis approachbased on high level system models. Complex application characteristics, e.g., the average number of not interr...

the study aimed at investigating whether the retention of vocabulary acquired incidentally is dependent upon the amount of task-induced involvement. immediate and delayed retention of twenty unfamiliar words was examined in three learning tasks( listening comprehension + group discussion, listening comprehension + dictionary checking + summary writing in l1, and listening comprehension + dictio...

Today’s SoC’s combine an increasingly wide range of heterogenous processing elements, consisting of general purpose RISC’s, DSP’s, application-specific processors, and fixed or configurable hardware. Five to ten processors on an SoC is now common. A bottom-up assembly of these heterogeneous components using an ad-hoc interconnect topology, different instruction sets and embedded S/W development...