Decentralized, smart indoor cultivation systems can produce herbs and vegetables for fresh healthy daily nutrition of the urban population. This study assesses technical resource requirements, productivity, economic viability “Smart Office Farm” (SOF), based on a 5-week production cycle curled lettuce, lolo rosso, pak choi basil at three photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) levels using ra...

Abstract The current work was performed a techno-economic analysis of 5-kWp capacity hybrid-connected solar system installed on the roof house at Diyala province, Iraq (33.77° N, 45.14° E, elevation 44 m). rooftop PV consists 18 polycrystalline modules 355 W each, an energy storage consisting 8 batteries 150 Ah, 12 V, and intelligent inverter capacity. string output load sharing between output,...