background informed consent is an important part of the patients’ rights and hospitals are assigned to obtain informed consent before any diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. obtaining an informed consent enables patients to accept or reject their care or treatments and prevent future contentions among patients and medical staff.   methods this survey was carried out during 2011-2. we assessed...

background: ergonomics standards play an important role in product and system design as it can improve their usability; provide comfort and safety for the users. the number of musculoskeletal diseases has increased in recent years in malaysia. however, the awareness and importance of ergonomics in malaysia is still very low among the industries. many ergonomics standards have been adopted by si...

conclusions the sophistication of electronic prescription and integration with ehr will become a reality, if all its stakeholders collaborate in developing fast and secure electronic prescription systems. it is plausible that the required infrastructure should be provided for implementation of the national integrated electronic prescription systems in countries without the system. given the bar...

conclusion radiology equipment in tehran university of medical sciences have potential capacity, but they need repair, and better maintenance and management and application of standards for the imaging system needs organized supervisory mechanisms. materials and methods the study was performed in 16 hospitals, 4 faculties and three healthcare centers of tehran university of medical sciences. we...

in september 2007 national standard manual was finalized and officially announced as the minimal quality requirements for all medical laboratories in the country. apart from auditing laboratories, reference health laboratory has performed benchmarking auditing of medical laboratory network (surveys) in provinces. 12(th) benchmarks performed in tehran and alborz provinces, iran in 2010 in three ...

studies can be found in two groups of primary and secondary studies. review articles are the most important secondary studies in which the researcher comprehensively surveys published articles in a specific field. however, the deep gap between scientific evidence is an undeniable fact that is probably caused by the large volume of publications. reviewing such a wide variety of publications woul...

critical thinking is necessary to read the scientific literature. however, in addition to questions about the science, often one must also question the meaning of the text. this article provides an example of the analyses needed to understand a single sentence. in so doing, it raises several interesting issues of meaning, measurement, statistical analyses, and the form in which results are pres...

This small descriptive study examined the professional development activities of English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers at university in Tanzania, particular their awareness organizations such International Association Teachers Foreign Language and TESOL Association. Basing her inquiry on teaching community practice, researcher used questionnaire, interviews, personal observations. Univer...