When carrying Internet Protocol (IP) traffic over an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network, the ATM adaptation layer must determine how long to hold a virtual circuit opened to carry an IP datagram. In this paper we present a formal statement of the problem and carry out a detailed empirical examination of various holding time policies taking into account the issue of network pricing. We off...

With the Internet experiencing massive growth, new ways to recover ever rising costs and regulate network usage are becoming increasingly important. Several researchers have proposed pricing strategies and econometric models for regulating resource usage in a globally shared network environment. These approaches can take the form of simple \price setting", or can be more closely integrated with...

This article presents a review of the issues associated with a manufacturer’s pricing strategies in a twoechelon supply chain that comprises one manufacturer and two competing retailers, with warranty period-dependent demands. The manufacturer, as a Stackelberg leader, specifies wholesale prices to two competing retailers who face warranty period-dependent demand and have different sales costs....

We consider the problem of choosing best a set sequential offers proposed by market in house-selling process. During each decision epoch, seller sets listing price, observes and decides whether to accept maximum one or reject all them. model fixed holding cost, which is constant marketing cost searching for buyers, variable that proportional number received during epoch. The objective maximize ...

This essay puts forward a cruise pricing model based on improved quantum particle swarm optimization, aiming at optimizing the pricing strategy and realizing the maximum sales income expected. Firstly, we combine the two factors – actual booking records and expected booking records in the process of cruises pricing – and improve the dynamic price-setting model based on demand learning put forwa...

We study the optimal pricing and replenishment decisions in an inventory system with a price-sensitive demand, focusing on the benefit of the inventory-based dynamic pricing strategy. We find that demand variability impacts the benefit of dynamic pricing not only through the magnitude of the variability but also through its functional form (e.g., whether it is additive, multiplicative, or other...