Repeater spacing in fiber optic communication is optimized taking into consideration various parameters such as fiber attenuation, Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS), Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS), fiber attenuation, photodiode sensitivity and input power. In our work, we have taken a trade off between power threshold in order to reduce SBS varying the effective fiber length and effectiv...

The introduction of ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) in the practice of lung transplantation has allowed the reconditioning of the marginal grafts and their conversion into transplantable grafts. In addition, EVLP can provide a platform for the application of various preventive measures to decrease the incidence of post-transplant complications. While the Toronto team targets the attenuation of th...

Neutron sources employed in different applications in both medicine and industry. Due to the harmful effects of neutron particles on living organisms, radiation shields have played a vital role in radiation protection against neutrons. In recent decade, numerous investigations conducted on the design and fabrication of nanocomposites as more efficient shielding materials against fast and therma...

The EPA Regional Ground Water Forum is a group of EPA scientists representing Regional Superfund and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Offices (RCRA). The Forum is focused on exchanging information related to ground-water characterization, monitoring, and remediation. The application of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) for inorganic contaminants in ground water is a topic of concern to ...

Cataract is very frequent disease of human eye and the diagnosis of this disease is not difficult. However, it is important to describe it quantitatively, but it is difficult using only the slit lamp. Ultrasound examinations are widely used in ophthalmology. Piezoelectric crystals generate ultrasound waves of 5–50 MHz. Short pulses of 2 to 3 cycles are sent from transducer into the eye. These p...

The long-term objective is to provide a comprehensive worldwide optics database that includes data on a broad range of important optical properties, including diffuse attenuation, beam attenuation, and scattering. The database shall be easy to use, Internet accessible, and frequently updated with data from recent at-sea measurements. The database shall be capable of supporting a wide range of a...

Background: The detrimental effects of persistent stimulation with hCG were investigated in rat Leydig cells in vitro. Materials and Methods: Oxidative stress parameters such as lipid peroxidation, Reactive oxygen species(ROS), Total antioxidant capcity (TAC) and activities of antioxidant enzymes were assessed in the treated cells. Apoptosis amongest the trearted cells were detected by in situ ...

background: high density concrete is extensively used for efficient radiation attenuation in radiotherapy rooms and nuclear reactors. over the past eight years, some efficient galena-based concrete samples for shielding x or gamma rays was produced. the goal of this study was to produce a novel high density concrete against neutron and photon radiations using tourmaline and galena. materials an...

In this paper, we consider design of interconnectedH∞ feedback control systems with quantized signals. We first assume that a decentralized state feedback has been designed for an interconnected continuous-time LTI system so that the closed-loop system is stable and a desired H∞ disturbance attenuation level is achieved, and that the subsystems’ states are quantized before they are passed to th...

When planning the link budget for millimetre and sub-millimetre wave telecommunications links, the attenuation by atmospheric gasses is taken into account. However, at millimetric frequencies above 50 GHz, it may become necessary to account for the temporal variations in absorption when calculating fade margins. Attenuation due to atmospheric absorption varies with temperature, barometric press...