Global climate change is apparent within the Arctic and the south-western deserts of North America, with record drought in the latter reflected within 640,000 km(2) of the Colorado River Basin. To discern the manner by which natural and anthropogenic drivers have compressed Basin-wide fish biodiversity, and to establish a baseline for future climate effects, the Stream Hierarchy Model (SHM) was...

Atlantic salmon Salmo salar are often heavily infected by the gill maggot Salmincola salmoneus, but little information exists on the population dynamics of this parasite. Through a combination of in vivo field examination and laboratory analysis of gills from the Alta River S. salar population in northern Norway, we describe the population dynamics of the parasite and suggest a model for the ho...

Author(s): Emmanuel Mignot, Nicolas Rivière, Richard J. Perkins, André Paquier, Gilbert Travin. 1 Formerly Ph.D. Student, Hydrology—Hydraulics Research Unit, Cemagref, 3 bis, quai Chauveau, CP 220, 69336 Lyon Cedex 09, France. 2 Professor, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d’Acoustique, Univ. de Lyon, CNRSECL-INSAL-UCBL1, INSA de Lyon, 20 av. A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne, France. 3 Pro...

Life-history theory predicts that as males age they should increase investment in reproductive effort because their residual reproductive value (RRV) – the opportunity for future reproductive events – declines (Stearns 1992). Such investment is often manifested as age-related increases in the intensity, rate, or duration of a costly behaviour important for acquiring mates. Sexual traits showing...

Designing cost-effective and high-performance carbon-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts is crucial in the development of Zn-air batteries (ZABs). In this study, a facile one-pot synthesis approach engineered to construct Zn/Co-N-C carbonaceous polyhedrons interconnected with self-catalyzed-grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from zeolitic imidazolium frameworks linked graphene oxi...

The level of Kluane Lake, the largest lake in Yukon Territory, was lower than at present during most of the Holocene. The lake rose rapidly in the late seventeenth century to a level 12 m above present, drowning forest and stranding driftwood on a conspicuous high-stand beach, remnants of which are preserved at the south end of the lake. Kluane Lake fell back to near its present level by the en...

The rational design and facile construction of hybrid metal–organic framework (MOF) with hierarchical nanostructures can motivate novel multifunctional platforms to attain desirable performance. In this work, a new series MOF-on-MOF heterostructures, including ZIF-8/Zinc(II)-hexamethylenetetramine (ZIF-8/Zn-HMT) ZIF-8 + ZIF-67/Zn-HMT-X (ZIF/Zn-HMT-X), be conveniently synthesized by heteroepitax...

We present the discovery of six new quasars at z ∼ 6 selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) southern survey, a deep imaging survey obtained by repeatedly scanning a stripe along the celestial equator. The six quasars are about two magnitudes fainter than the luminous z ∼ 6 quasars found in the SDSS main survey and one magnitude fainter than the quasars reported in Paper I (Jiang et a...

So-called little, or domain-specific languages (DSLs), have the potential to make software maintenance simpler: domain-experts can directly use the DSL to make required routine modifications. At the negative side, however, more substantial changes may become more difficult: such changes may involve altering the domain-specific language. This will require compiler technology knowledge, which not...