cataract has a long history and was known about 2500 bc in egypt. in the medieval times, physicians and surgeons used surgical approaches to ease cataract (āb morvārid). albucasis, as a great spanish muslim surgeon (936-1013 ad) has a detailed and accurate description of cataract surgery procedure and patient care in his manuscript, al tasreef. his description can show surgical development to e...

The catastrophic impact of fishing pressure on species such as cod and herring is well documented. However, the antiquity of their intensive exploitation has not been established. Systematic catch statistics are only available for ca.100 years, but large-scale fishing industries existed in medieval Europe and the expansion of cod fishing from the fourteenth century (first in Iceland, then in Ne...

As the title indicates, this short book is intended to summarize the medieval contribution to what is now commonly referred to as cognitive psychology— " the psychology of how we acquire, process, and remember information about the world " (p. 1). The book focuses on developments that occurred in the Latin West with the recovery of Aristotle's De Anima in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries an...

This study describes the changing patterns of adult self-poisoning in East Cheshire between 1970 and 1975. Six hundred and ninety episodes were analysed. It was found that the percentage of acute medical admissions due to self-poisoning increased during the five years: it doubled for females and trebled for males. The average annual incidence of self-poisoning was one per 600 q# th$ population,...