goal: this study aims at analyzing and categorizing different grammatical errors including morpho-syntactic and syntactic errors in written narratives of mentally retarded students in tehran. the frequencies of errors are compared among students in different grades. method: descriptive-analytic method has been used. a test consisted of four picture stories have been administered to 125 students...

In MUC-5 and MUC-6 the output of information extraction has been a multi-level object-oriented data structure. Although appropriate for an object-oriented data base, the structures frequently were not straightforwardly mappable from linguistic structures. This was one of the reasons that prior to MUC-6, semantic inferencing was added to PLUM's discourse processor. The discourse processor, when ...

There is substantial evidence that speakers co-ordinate their contributions in dialogue. Until now, experimental studies of co-ordination have concentrated on the development of shared strategies for reference. We present an experiment that employed a novel confederate-scripting technique to investigate whether speakers also co-ordinate syntactic structure in dialogue. Pairs of speakers took it...

The paper argues for a theory of syntactic structure in which there is no distinction between word and phrasal level categories: the same category will be interpreted as a head in some respects and as a phrase in others. The theory takes the mirror principle to be axiomatic, analogous in status to the aspect of the projection principle that ensures that arguments of a head are projected from th...

asadi’s shahnameh is a great epic consisting of twenty-four thousand distiches and is attributed to asadi or another poet of the same nickname. this work was created in the same line of development as ferdowsi’s shahnameh. the main theme is the old campaign of soleymān to iran to confront with rostam and keykhosrow and to repeat the pattern of rostam’s battles with his children in a state of an...

Correct accentuation and phrasing improves the quality of synthetic speech. This paper discusses an algorithm which assigns both sentence accents and phrase boundaries on the basis of the prosodic sentence structure. Although this latter structure is theoretically derived from the syntactic structure, the present algorithm deterrnines the prosodic structure by means of (linguistically and stati...

A controlled reading experiment reveals that stress-based linguistic rhythm impinges on syntactic ambiguity resolution in silent and oral reading. The results suggest that, at points of syntactic underspecification, the accruing prosodic representation may affect even the earliest stages of structure building, viz. the analysis of syntactic features of an ambiguous word. Such an effect remains ...