introduction movement of sand dunes is an important natural threat in the coast of oman sea. now many rural settlements of the region are in threat, and vulnerability has caused heavy losses. the sand dunes are visible in the wide area and wind erosion occurs in a wide spatial scale. wind erosion faces high intensity in the area, because of poor vegetation, low rainfall, dry soil, strong and co...

In quantitative risk assessment, risk is expressed as a function of the hazard, the elements at risk and the vulnerability. From a natural sciences perspective, vulnerability is defined as the expected degree of loss for an element at risk as a consequence of a certain event. The resulting value is dependent on the impacting process intensity and the susceptibility of the elements at risk, and ...

Why is adolescence an "age of risk" for onset of bipolar spectrum disorders? We discuss three clinical phenomena of bipolar disorder associated with adolescence (adolescent age of onset, gender differences, and specific symptom presentation) that provide the point of departure for this article. We present the cognitive vulnerability-transactional stress model of unipolar depression, evidence fo...

Rock, Paper, Scissors (RPS) represents a unique gaming space in which the predictions of human rational decision-making can be compared with actual performance. Playing a computerized opponent adopting a mixed-strategy equilibrium, participants revealed a non-significant tendency to over-select Rock. Further violations of rational decision-making were observed using an inter-trial analysis wher...

BACKGROUND Tibet is especially vulnerable to climate change due to the relatively rapid rise of temperature over past decades. The effects on mortality and morbidity of extreme heat in Tibet have been examined in previous studies; no heat adaptation initiatives have yet been implemented. We estimated heat vulnerability of urban and rural populations in 73 Tibetan counties and identified potenti...

Uncovering the patterns of the software vulnerabilities can be helpful for the policy making to remove or reduce the effect of software vulnerabilities. In order to understand the emerging pattern in the software vulnerabilities, taking advantage of the complex network theory, this paper considers the software vulnerability market as a dynamic complex system and then proposes a heterogeneous ne...