Thermal conduction in tangled magnetic fields is reduced because heat conducting electrons must travel along the field lines longer distances between hot and cold regions of space than if there were no fields. We consider the case when the tangled magnetic field has a weak homogeneous component. We examine two simple models for temperature in clusters of galaxies: a time-independent model and a...

On the basis of the universal gas fraction in clusters of galaxies, we estimate that the effective thermal conductivity required to balance radiative cooling in the cores, where the gas temperature is 3–10 keV, is about one tenth of the Spitzer rate. This confirms that thermal conduction can be important for the energy balance provided that it is not highly suppressed by magnetic fields in the ...

in this research, the coupling between non-gray radiation and separation convection flow in a duct is investigated numerically. distributions of absorption coefficients across the spectrum  are obtained from the hitran2008 database. the full-spectrum k-distribution method is used to deal with the non-gray part of the problem, while the gray radiation calculations are performed using the planck ...

Using an alcohol catalytic CVD method shown to produce high-quality single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), films of vertically aligned (VA-)SWNTs were synthesized on quartz substrates. The VA-SWNTs can be removed from the substrate and transferred onto an arbitrary surface—without disturbing the vertical alignment—using a hot-water assisted technique. This ability makes experimental measuremen...

BACKGROUND The functional role of the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) for common atrial flutter (cAFL) remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we examined whether the EnSite system (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN, USA), a noncontact mapping system, is useful to evaluate the conduction properties of CTI to minimize radiofrequency (RF) ablation applications for cAFL. METHODS We enrolled 22 ...

Air is usually the final method for thermal distribution in a building. The air distribution system (duct-work) may be located at several places inside or outside the building. The location of the ducts leads to thermal losses. These losses consist of: leakage, conduction, and thermal cycling. Traditionally, quantifying these loses requires temperature and flow data from many places in the syst...

Generalized thermoelastic models have been developed with the aim of eliminating the contradiction in the infinite velocity of heat propagation inherent in the classical dynamical coupled thermoelasticity theory. In these generalized models, the basic equations include thermal relaxation times and they are of hyperbolic type. Furthermore, Tzou established the dual-phase-lag heat conduction theo...

OBJECTIVE To assess small and large nerve fiber function in people with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were recruited consecutively from a population-based cohort: NGT (n = 39), IGT (n = 29), and T2D (n = 51). Electrophysiological measures included nerve conduction studies and thermal thresh...

The conditions for disk evaporation by electron thermal conduction are examined, using a simplified semi–analytical 1-D model. The model is based on the mechanism proposed by Meyer & Meyer–Hofmeister (1994) in which an advection dominated accretion flow evaporates the top layers from the underlying disk by thermal conduction. The evaporation rate is calculated as a function of the density of th...

We sought to determine the effect of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibition on streptozotocin diabetes-induced vascular and neural dysfunction. After 4 weeks of untreated diabetes, rats were treated for 12 weeks with Alogliptin (DPP-IV inhibitor). Diabetes caused a slowing of motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity, thermal hypoalgesia, reduction in intraepidermal nerve fiber density i...