ABSTRACT Close-in super-Earths are the most abundant exoplanets known. It has been hypothesized that they form in inner regions of protoplanetary discs, out dust may accumulate at boundary between region susceptible to magneto-rotational instability (MRI) and an MRI-dead zone further out. In Paper I, we presented a model for viscous disc which includes heating due both irradiation MRI-driven ac...

Short-period super-Earth-sized planets are common. Explaining how they form near their present orbits requires understanding the structure of inner regions protoplanetary discs. Previous studies have argued that hot disc is unstable to magneto-rotational instability (MRI) due thermal ionization potassium, and a local gas pressure maximum forms at outer edge this MRI-active zone. Here we steady-...

In a current density versus temperature (J-T) (Miram) curve in thermionic electron emission, experimental measurements demonstrate there is smooth transition between the exponential region and saturated emission regions, which sometimes referred to as "roll-off" or "Miram knee". The shape of Miram knee an important figure merit for vacuum cathodes. Specifically, cathodes with sharp at low flat ...

Real-space imaging of full-morphological, angstrom-scale structural dynamics occurring on the femtosecond (fs) timescale is possible with ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) via the stroboscopic pump-probe methodology enabled by interfacing an otherwise standard TEM with a short-pulsed laser system [1-3]. The technology has matured to the point that commercial systems, such as the FEI Tecnai Fe...

Abstract Detecting humidity have been remained a continuing concern within some important areas such as structural health, food processing, industrial well agricultural products. In this study, novel optical sensor is introduced based on the thermionic emission of tungsten filament using fluorescent lamp set-up. Estimated blue compliant charged coupling device camera in image was confirmed an a...

The properties and structure of electrically stressed ionic liquid menisci experiencing ion evaporation are simulated using an electrohydrodynamic model with field-enhanced thermionic emission in steady state for axially symmetric geometry. Solutions explored as a function the external background field, meniscus dimension, hydraulic impedance temperature. Statically stable solutions emitting fo...

Thin film coolers can provide large cooling power densities compared to bulk thermoelectrics due to the close spacing of hot and cold junctions. Important parameters in the design of such coolers are investigated theoretically and experimentally. A three-dimensional ~3D! finite element simulator ~ANSYS! is used to model self-consistently thermal and electrical properties of a complete device st...