Effect of clipping the coat of the Japanese macaque on thermoregulatory responses was studied. Heat production was significantly increased in clipped animals in comparison without clipped coats at ambient temperatures ranging from 5 to 25 degrees C. At ambient temperatures of 5, 15, and 25 degrees C tissue thermal conductance and cooling constant were significantly higher in clipped animals. Cl...

OBJECTIVES The study compares the efficacy of two active and one passive warming interventions in healthy volunteers with induced mild hypothermia. METHODS Eight volunteers were studied in a random order crossover design. Each volunteer was studied during re-warming from a core temperature of 35 degrees C with each of: a radiant warmer (Fisher & Paykel); a forced air warmer (Augustine Medical...

Metabolic processes that release energy within the myocardium can be separated into aerobic metabolism, i.e., chemical reactions consuming O2, and anaerobic metabolism, defined here as chemical reactions not consuming 2, even though 02 may be present in the environment. The total energy that is set free by both types of process appears partially as heat within the myocardium and partially as me...

Current developments of the European energy markets are influencing the operation strategy of heat suppliers. Especially providers of district heating systems fed by conventional heat production (i.e. CHP) have to react with appropriate measures to these changes. The integration of thermal storages, decentralization of the heat production, changing heating technologies or adjusting the temperat...

The paucity of information on reasons for the increased efficiency of egg production by pullets which have been restricted-fed during rearing is discussed. Preliminary results are presented which form part of a detailed research programme aimed at elucidating the mechanisms responsible. Production responses of hens which had been restricted fed during rearing were similar to those expected. Egg...

Changes in body energy stores, reflected by changes in body mass, are the result of variations in the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Energy expenditure can be divided in to three components: obligatory energy expenditure, which is the energy expenditure required for the performance of cellular and organ functions, energy expenditure for physical activity, and adaptive the...

We showed previously that, at ambient room temperature (22°C), mice maintained at 20% below their initial body weight by calorie restriction expend energy at a rate below that which can be accounted for by the decrease of fat and fat-free mass. Food-restricted rodents may become torpid at subthermoneutral temperatures, a possible confounding factor when using mice as human models in obesity res...

In homeothermic birds and mammals, several thermoregulatory adaptations have evolved for surviving in unstable, food-restricted conditions. This study focuses on two adaptive mechanisms in pigeons (Columba livia) and quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica): hypothermia and the adaptive use obligatory heat production connected with feeding and digestion. The plasticity of the hypothermic response in...

            For more than 70% of women, hot flashes are a common symptom during the transition period to menopause. Such women suffer from decreased quality life, sleep disturbances or depressed mood. The most effective method treating is hormonal treatment, although it carries potential risks, because real link has been established between...

Actoprotectors are preparations that enhance body stability against physical loads without increasing oxygen consumption or heat production. Or, in short, actoprotectors are synthetic adaptogens with a significant capacity to improve physical performance. This paper explores the history of actoprotectors'development, their pharmacological properties, mechanism of action, and practical applicati...