Data networking has not been kind to formal methods. The Internet’s birth gave rise to an intense culture war between the bell-heads and the net-heads, which the net-heads have largely won. In this area formal methodists have long been seen as the humourless enforcers of the defeated bell-heads. The result: formal methods are not a part of the mainstream of data networking and are largely releg...

The efficient pumping of blood by the heart requires the co-ordinated activity of the billions of cardiac myocytes that make up the heart. This is achieved by an electrical communication system the centrepiece of which consists of voltage-gated ion channels. Over the last decade the molecular identity of most (if not all) the voltage-gated ion channels in the heart has been elucidated. More imp...

We present a comprehensive analysis of natural modes of a planar metamaterial layer (metalayer) formed by arrayed pairs of metallic dogbone-shaped conductors separated by a thin dielectric layer. The in-plane modes are classified based on the symmetric and anti-symmetric current distributions in the pairs. Of particular interest are the anti-symmetric modes, since the anti-symmetric current is ...