The coalescence of droplets and their life-time are shown to depend strongly on the surfactant properties _aod concentration. The following more important effects are predicted: 1) With pure liquids the energy is mainly dissipated in the droplets and the velocity of thinning, V, sho~ld not depend on the film viscosity. 2) The surfactant partition coefficient should playa crucial role on the emu...

The goal of this paper is to present an overview about the thinning problem in Arabic text recognition. Thinning "Skeletonization" is a very crucial stage in the ACR, it simplifies the text shape and reduces the amount of data that needs to be handled and it is usually used as a pre-processing stage for recognition and storage systems. The skeleton of Arabic text can be used for each ...

Growth patterns and reactions of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) to thinning in extremely harsh climatic conditions were studied in two seeded Scots pine stands located on the arctic timberline. Coniferous trees usually do not form closed stands at the timberline, but occur only in scattered tree groups. The trial was established in two stands in 1985–1986 when the trees were at an age of 47 a...

Since the mid-1990’s, several studies have been undertaken to evaluate thinning treatments designed to promote development of complex forest structure in order to enhance ecological functioning and biological diversity. Most of these studies have focused on forest responses to one or possibly two thinning entries. In contrast, this study, the Unevenaged Management Project (UAMP), is evaluating ...

Submarine measurements of sea ice draft show that the ice has thinned in some parts of the Arctic Ocean at a remarkably high rate over the past few decades. The spatial pattern indicates that the thinning was a strong function of ice thickness, with the greatest thinning occurring where the ice was thickest initially. A similar relationship between sea ice thinning and the initial thickness is ...

Precision forestry allows decision-making on tree level or pixel level, as compared to stand-level data. However, little is known about the importance of precision in thinning decisions and its long-term effects within-stand variation, stand economy growth. In this study, silviculture was optimized for Net Present Value (NPV) 20 conifer-dominated forest stands hemi-boreal southern Sweden. The p...

One diiculty with many pixel-wise thinning algorithms is that they produce unacceptable results at junction points, or in the presence of contour noise. In this paper we present a novel approach to detecting ambiguous regions in a thinned image. The method uses the reconstructability properties of appropriate thinning algorithms to reverse the thinning process and automatically detect those pix...

Thinning is awell-known technique for producing skeleton-like shape features fromdigital binary objects in a topology-preserving way.Most of the existing thinning algorithms work on input images that are sampled on orthogonal grids; however, it is also possible to perform thinning on hexagonal grids (or triangular lattices). In this paper, we point out to the main similarities and differences b...