Given a sentential logic S there exists a least sentential logic ad S associated with the set S Thm of the theorems of . S If the logic S is equivalential, then the behavioral theorems of S Thm can be determined by an equivalence system for , S but, possibly, they may also be determined by any admissible equivalence system, i.e., an equivalence system for . ad S Babenyshev and Martins studied t...

(1.2) the ranges of f and g are identical on almost all OK/p. The most trivial cases are where g(x) = f(ax + b) for some a, b ∈ Q̄, the algebraic numbers. When K = Q, mostly that relation forces a, b∈K. For example this holds when f is indecomposable (not a composite of lower degree polynomials). With the indecomposability assumption, solutions to Davenport’s and Schinzel’s problems were essenti...

This paper lays out the basic theory of the down operator D of the infinite polynomial ring R = k[x0, x1, x2, ...], defined by Dxi = xi−1 (i ≥ 1) and Dx0 = 0. Here, k is any field of characteristic zero. The only linear invariant is x0, and the quadratic invariants are well known and easily described. One of the paper’s main results, Thm. 6.2, gives a complete description of the cubic invariant...

During water treatment, chlorine reacts with naturally occurring organic matter in surface water to produce a number of by-products. Of the by-products formed, trihalomethanes (THMs) are among the highest in concentration. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the relationship between the level of total THM and specific THMs in public water supplies and risk for stillbirth. The ...

This paper presents the development of the mathematical concept of image reconstruction of three-dimensional object from silhouettes based on functional analysis. This concept leads to the formulation of an algorithm which is also described. The use of this algori thm with an additional optimization procedure eliminates the errors in positioning the camera or the object. The use of silhouettes ...

Evapotranspiration is an important parameter to evaluate soil water deficit and use efficiency, especially in locations with irregularly distributed precipitation. The aim of this study was assess the daily actual evapotranspiration (ETa) estimated by Thornthwaite Mather balance adapted for crops (ThM) dual Kc method crop coefficients optimized from inverse modeling adjustment suggested FAO-56 ...

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) attract widespread research interest due to their exceptional properties. However, the instability of perovskite layer, especially moisture instability, and existing defects seriously restrict performance limit development PSCs towards commercialization. Herein, we fabricate moisture-stable efficient by incorporating a thiamine (THM) additive into lead iodide (PbI2...