The overhead athlete is at unique risk for injury because of the mechanics associated with rapid shoulder elevation, abduction, and external rotation. Angulation of the humeral head against the posterosuperior glenoid can cause rotator cuff tendon and labral impingement. The throwing or striking motion of baseball, softball, water polo, tennis, racquetball, and volleyball may result in scapular...

The aims of this pilot study were to determine whether the weight of a backpack, its position on the spine or time carried affected adolescents cervical and shoulder posture. Standing posture measured from the sagittal and frontal planes of 13 students was recorded photographically under several load carrying conditions. Cervical and shoulder position angles were calculated and compared. Resul...

OBJECTIVE To assess the intrarater and interrater reliability among rheumatologists of a standardised protocol for measurement of shoulder movements using a gravity inclinometer. METHODS After instruction, six rheumatologists independently assessed eight movements of the shoulder, including total and glenohumeral flexion, total and glenohumeral abduction, external rotation in neutral and in a...

Purpose: Shoulder/arm morbidity is a known complication of breast cancer surgery and radiotherapy (RT), but the consequences of choosing one RT technology over another for shoulder/arm morbidity are not clearly defined. In this work, we examine early breast cancer patients to compare the incidence of shoulder/arm morbidity, including breast cancer related lymphedema (BCRL) of the arm, between c...

This paper describes the personal experience of the author with Shoulder Arthro MR. This imaging method is put into perspective with other, more widely used diagnostic methods, which also have their advantages. Indications for Shoulder Arthro MR are discussed and details on the technique and interpretaton are given. Also major shoulder pathology as impingement, rotator cuff tears and instabilit...

Newton’s third law of motion states that whenever a force is applied an equal and opposite force occurs in the opposite direction of applied force. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) being a biological phenomenon; sound knowledge of biomechanics is required. Sliding mechanics is a common approach in orthodontics to achieve tooth movement for closure and gaining of space.1,2 Sliding mechanics invo...

To the Editor: Chronic bilateral shoulder dislocation (an unreduced dislocated shoulder beyond 3 weeks) is rare.1-3 A 35-year-old man presented with bilateral anterior dislocation of the shoulder (BADS) with bilateral brachial plexus injuries following a nightmare. He had been undiagnosed for 2 years because he felt the problem was spiritual and had sought unorthodox treatment. He had repeated ...

Modern biomechanical and clinical applications require the accurate capture of normal and pathological human movement without the artifacts associated with standard marker-based motion capture techniques such as soft tissue artifacts and the risk of artificial stimulus of taped-on or strapped-on markers. In this study, the need for new markerless human motion capture methods is discussed in vie...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The McKenzie Method of mechanical diagnosis and therapy (MDT) is supported in the literature as a valid and reliable approach to the management of spine injuries. It can also be applied to the peripheral joints, but has not been explored through research to the same extent. This method sub-classifies an injury based on tissue response to mechanical loading and repeated motion...

Previous findings in elderly adults suggest that numerous aspects of motor control are affected by aging. There seem to be fundamental differences in motor control strategies between young and old adults. Prior research has demonstrated significant interlimb differences in the control of unilateral reaching movements, implying that movement trajectory and final position are specified and contro...