BACKGROUND The high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy might be an effective tool for palliation of dysphagia. Because of some concerns about adverse effects due to absorbed radiation dose, it is important to estimate absorbed dose in risky organs during this treatment. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to measure the absorbed dose in the parotid, thyroid, and submandibular gland, eye, trachea, spinal c...

UNLABELLED The thyroid gland is highly susceptible to radiation carcinogenesis and exposure to high-dose ionising radiation is the only established cause of thyroid cancer. Dental radiography, a common source of low-dose diagnostic radiation exposure in the general population, is often overlooked as a radiation hazard to the gland and may be associated with the risk of thyroid cancer. An increa...

Introduction: In recent years, the number of computed tomography (CT) scans, which is a high-dose technique, has increased significantly. Head and neck CT is performed frequently and thyroid, particularly in children, has always been considered a sensitive organ. In recent years, radiobiologists and health physicists have been more concerned about the safety of lenses of the eyes, as cataract i...

INTRODUCTION The present study aims to evaluate the incidence, types, timing and risk factors in amiodarone (AMD)-induced thyroid dysfunction. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study comprised 229 patients from an iodine-replete area (115 women, 114 men, mean age 63.8 ± 9.2 years), chronically treated with AMD. The cases were clinically investigated prior to, and during treatment, by thyroid 2D and co...

Calmodulin (CaM) antagonists, W-7 and W-5, chlorpromazine and haloperidol, especially W-7 inhibited 125I-bovine TSH binding to human and porcine thyroid receptors dose-dependently in the presence of calcium ion. This inhibitory effect of W-7 was diminished by the addition of ethylenglycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) or ethylendiamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). CaM also dose-dependently inhibited the ...

We investigated the sensitivity and sequential events that take place in thyroid epithelial cells after irradiation. Cell survival ratios at a dose of 2 Gy were 18 ±2.5%, 58 ±1.0%, 59 ±1.5%, and 98 ±1.8% in primary thyroid cells, papillary thyroid carcinoma cells, follicular thyroid carci noma cells, and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells, respectively. Thyroid carcinoma cell lines carrying...

Poorly differentiated insular thyroid carcinoma is classified as a separate entity among other tumors of the thyroid gland. Its histological pattern and clinical course are regarded as intermediate between well-differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancer. The authors report Tc-99m pertechnetate, Tc-99m MDP and radioiodine imaging features in a 33-year-old male patient with metastatic insular c...

Sodium Iodide-131 is administrated for treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer. Iodine-131 has multiple routs of excretion (Urine, saliva, sweat, milk, feces, exhalation) from the body. Patients receiving Sodium Iodide-131 therapy exposes other persons and the environment to unwanted radiation and contamination. The major source of radiation dose from administration of Iodine-131 ...

Modulation of endocrine function is frequently a confounding factor in the interpretation of chronic rodent toxicology studies. Of particular interest are agents that cause deviation of thyroid hormone homeostasis and result in thyroid cancer for rodents. An endocrine challenge test (ECT), commonly used to study endocrine organ health in human and veterinary medicine, quantifies the response of...

A bioassay of 3-amino-4-ethoxyacetanilide for possible carcinogenicity was conducted using Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. 3-Amino-4-ethoxyacetanilide was administered in the feed, at either of two concentrations, to groups of approximately 50 male and 50 female animals of each species. The dietary concentrations used in the chronic bioassay for low and high dose rats were 0.4 and 1.5 percent...